MOTHER DEMONSTRATED THE SCHOOL DISTRICT HAD TIMELY ACTUAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE FACTS UNDERLYING THE ALLEGATION THE SCHOOL DISTRICT WAS NEGLIGENT IN ADDRESSING THE BULLYING OF HER SON; MOTHER’S APPLICATION FOR LEAVE TO FILE A LATE NOTICE OF CLAIM SHOULD HAVE BEEN GRANTED (FOURTH DEPT).

The Fourth Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined claimant-mother demonstrated the school district had timely knowledge of the underlying facts of the potential negligence action against the district stemming from the bullying of her son. In addition, mother had a valid excuse for failing to file a timely notice of claim, i.e., she was involved in related Family Court proceedings against her son. Mother’s application for leave to file a late notice of claim should have been granted:

“General Municipal Law § 50-e (5) permits a court, in its discretion, to [grant leave] extend[ing] the time for a [claimant] to serve a notice of claim” (id. at 460-461). “The decision whether to grant such leave ‘compels consideration of all relevant facts and circumstances,’ including the ‘nonexhaustive list of factors’ in section 50-e (5)” … . ” ‘It is well settled that key factors for the court to consider in determining an application for leave to serve a late notice of claim are [1] whether the claimant has demonstrated a reasonable excuse for the delay, [2] whether the [school district] acquired actual knowledge of the essential facts constituting the claim within 90 days of its accrual or within a reasonable time thereafter, and [3] whether the delay would substantially prejudice the [school district] in maintaining a defense on the merits’ ” … . “The presence or absence of any given factor is not determinative of the application and, moreover, the factors are ‘directive rather than exclusive’ ” … .

We agree with claimant that respondent possessed actual knowledge of the essential facts constituting the claim within 90 days of its accrual …  Claimant averred in her affidavit in support of the application that, during the relevant time period, she made numerous calls to the Waterloo Middle School and the Waterloo Village Police about the ongoing abuse and bullying of her son. Additionally, claimant submitted documentation pertaining to a Family Court proceeding that was brought against her son due to actions he took apparently out of his frustration with the alleged abuse and bullying. The documentation states that the school counselor was involved in that investigation and that claimant’s son was “well known” to him. The school counselor also expressed the opinion that the bullying incidents were “unfounded.” Cindy W. v Waterloo Cent. Sch. Dist., 2026 NY Slip Op 03554, Fourth Dept 6-5-26

Practice Point: Here, demonstrating that the school district had timely actual knowledge of the facts underling a negligence allegation against the district was a major factor in granting the application tor leave to file a late notice of claim.​