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You are here: Home1 / Bruce Freeman
Bruce Freeman

About Bruce Freeman

This author has not written his bio yet.
But we are proud to say that Bruce Freeman contributed 11636 entries already.

Entries by Bruce Freeman

Environmental Law, Land Use, Municipal Law, Water Law

Construction of Dock Could Not Be Regulated by Town—Land Under Navigable Waters Owned by State

The Third Department determined that the Lake George Town Planning Board did not have jurisdiction to grant or deny petitioner’s application to build a dock in Lake George because the state, not the town, owned the land under navigable waters: When the state owns land under navigable waters in its sovereign capacity, its exclusive authority […]

October 24, 2013
Tax Law

Equipment Leases Are Not “Securities” for Purposes of Tax Law

In a detailed decision going into depth on many of the related issues, the Third Department determined that (1) leases of equipment which the customer has the option to buy at the end of the term and (2) installment sales of equipment in which title is conferred to the customer at the outset, both referred […]

October 24, 2013
Contract Law

Letters Between Attorney and City Re: Fees Did Not Create Unilateral Contract

The Third Department affirmed the dismissal of a complaint seeking attorneys fees from the City for the defense of a police officer who allegedly pointed a loaded weapon at a coworker.  At one point the City and the defense attorney exchanged letters concerning the lawyer’s fees and the City offered to pay the defense attorney […]

October 24, 2013
Family Law

Relocation Criteria Explained

In affirming the grant of father’s petition to relocate with the child, the Third Department explained the criteria: The party seeking to relocate with a child – here, the father – bears the burden of establishing by a preponderance of the credible evidence that the relocation is in the child’s best interests … .  Family […]

October 24, 2013
Family Law

Sex Offender Status Not Enough to Support Neglect Finding

The Third Department reversed Supreme Court’s finding of neglect against respondent mother for leaving the children with the father unsupervised.  The father was a sex offender who failed to complete sex offender treatment and was previously found to have neglected the children by Supreme Court on that and other grounds.  In the prior appeal of […]

October 24, 2013
Animal Law, Negligence

Question of Fact About Whether Rider Assumed Risk of Being Kicked by Horse—Allegations Defendant Heightened Risk

The Third Department there was a question of fact whether plaintiff assumed the risk of being kicked by defendant’s horse.  Plaintiff alleged the risk was heightened by defendant’s actions: While it has been recognized that participants in the sporting activity of horseback riding assume commonly appreciated risks inherent in the activity, such as being kicked […]

October 24, 2013
Real Property Actions and Proceedings Law (RPAPL), Real Property Law

Question of Fact Whether Encroaching Hedge Was De Minimus Encroachment Re: Adverse Possession

The Second Department determined there was a question of fact about whether a hedge which encroached eight feet into plaintiff’s right of way was a “de minimus” encroachment within the meaning of the Real Property Actions and Proceedings Law (RPAPL) (re: adverse possession): RPAPL 543(1), which was enacted in 2008, provides: “Notwithstanding any other provision […]

October 23, 2013
Banking Law, Debtor-Creditor

Note and Mortgage Void as Usurious

The Second Department determined a loan transaction and the associated note and mortgage were void because the loan was usurious: Under the civil usury statute, the maximum interest rate on a loan is 16% per annum (see General Obligations Law § 5-501[1]; Banking Law § 14-a[1]). General Obligations Law § 5-501(6)(a) provides that the 16% […]

October 23, 2013
Civil Procedure

Case Brought by UK Citizen Re: Death in Dubai Dismissed on Forum Non Conveniens Grounds

Over a substantial dissent, the Second Department affirmed Supreme Court’s grant of a dismissal motion on forum non conveniens grounds.  Plaintiff’s decedent died of Legionnaire’s disease after staying in defendant’s hotel in Dubai.  The only connection with New York was defendant’s global headquarters in White Plains. The plaintiffs were citizens of the UK: The doctrine […]

October 23, 2013
Criminal Law

Partial Closure of Courtroom During Testimony of Undercover Police Okay

he Second Department determined partial closure of the courtroom during the testimony of undercover police detectives was proper: …[T]he court providently adopted a reasonable alternative to full closure of the courtroom, excluding the general public and allowing the defendant’s sister and the defendant’s friend to be present during the testimony of the two undercover detectives, […]

October 23, 2013
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