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Bruce Freeman

About Bruce Freeman

This author has not written his bio yet.
But we are proud to say that Bruce Freeman contributed 11636 entries already.

Entries by Bruce Freeman

Employment Law, Municipal Law

Village Properly Withdrew Its Defense and Indemnification of Officials When Officials Refused a Reasonable Settlement Offer

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Lippman (with a dissent), determined “that a municipality, consistent with its obligations under Public Officers Law, may withdraw its defense and indemnification of current and former municipal officials and officers in a civil action for their failure to accept a reasonable settlement offer, and that First […]

November 19, 2013
Civil Commitment, Criminal Law, Mental Hygiene Law

Experts’ Use of Unreliable Hearsay in Article 10 Trial Violated Due Process

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Rivera (with a concurring opinion) determined the use of unreliable hearsay by the People ‘s experts in an Article 10 civil commitment trial of a convicted sex offender violated the offender’s right to due process of law.  The court explained that hearsay related to convictions […]

November 19, 2013
Criminal Law

Statute Which Elevates Criminal Possession of a Weapon to a C Felony, Even When Possession is in the Home, Does Not Violate the Second Amendment

In a full-fledged opinion by Judge Smith, the Court of Appeals determined that the statute which elevates possession of a weapon when previously convicted of a crime to a class C felony, even if possession is in the home, did not violate the Second Amendment right to bear arms: Intermediate scrutiny requires us to ask […]

November 19, 2013
Criminal Law

“Home or Business Exception” to Criminal Possession of a Weapon Does Not Apply to Defendant Previously Convicted of a Crime

In a full-fledged opinion by Judge Smith, the Court of Appeals determined the “home or business exception” to criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree did not apply when the defendant has been previously been convicted of any crime: …[T]his appeal requires us to interpret the “home or business” exception to the third-degree […]

November 19, 2013
Attorneys, Criminal Law, Immigration Law

Defendant Who Was Not Informed His Guilty Plea Would Result in Deportation Was Unable to Demonstrate He Was Prejudiced by the Omission

The Court of Appeals, over a dissent, affirmed defendant’s conviction, in spite of his counsel’s failure to inform him his guilty plea would result in deportation. The court determined that, under the specific facts of the case, there was no “reasonable probability” defendant would not have entered a guilty plea had he been informed of […]

November 19, 2013
Criminal Law, Immigration Law, Judges

Court’s Failure to Inform Defendant that Guilty Plea May Result in Deportation Violates Due Process/Vacation of Plea in Absence of Notification Not Automatic

In a full-fledged opinion by Judge Abdus-Salaam (with concurring and dissenting opinions), the Court of Appeals determined that all non-citizen defendants who plead guilty to a felony are entitled, under the Due Process clause, to notification that the plea may result in deportation, but that a failure to so notify does not automatically require vacation […]

November 19, 2013
Contract Law, Negligence

No Legal Duty Owed Independent of Contract—Negligence Cause of Action Dismissed

In the context of the dismissal of a tort action against Ferguson Electric Service Company after a building fire, the Fourth Department explained when a contractual relationship can give rise to an action in tort: “It is a well-established principle that a simple breach of contract is not to be considered a tort unless a […]

November 15, 2013
Negligence, Vehicle and Traffic Law

Plaintiff Entitled to Summary Judgment Where Defendant Crossed Into Her Lane Attempting to Make a Left Turn

The Fourth Department determined plaintiff (Daniels) whose car was struck head-on by defendant (Rumsey), whose car crossed into plaintiff’s lane attempting to make a left turn into a parking lot, was entitled to summary judgment, even though plaintiff may have been driving five miles an hour above the speed-limit: …[W]e conclude that the court properly […]

November 15, 2013
Evidence, Family Law

Neglect Finding Cannot Be Based Upon Theoretical Future Harm

The Fourth Department determined that a finding of neglect “cannot be based upon the child’s possible reaction to future harm:” …DSS failed to meet its burden of establishing by a preponderance of the evidence that the “child’s physical, mental or emotional condition has been impaired or is in imminent danger of becoming impaired” as a […]

November 15, 2013
Civil Procedure, Evidence, Negligence

Admissibility of Medical Records as Business Records Does Not Preclude Evidentiary Objections to Admission

In the context of a personal injury case, the Fourth Department noted that the failure to object to the admissibility of medical records within 10 days (CPLR 3122-a [c]) did not render the documents automatically admissible: Defendants contend that the court erred in denying their request at the commencement of trial to admit all of […]

November 15, 2013
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