AN ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDING WAS BROUGHT BY THE UNIVERSITY AGAINST PETITIONER-STUDENT BASED UPON ANOTHER STUDENT’S (THE REPORTING INDIVIDUAL’S) ALLEGATIONS SHE WAS SEXUALLY ASSAULTED; THE UNIVERSITY’S TITLE IX GRIEVANCE POLICY PROVIDES THAT WHERE, AS HERE, THE REPORTING INDIVIDUAL IS ABSENT FROM THE HEARING AND IS NOT SUBJECT TO CROSS-EXAMINATION, ANY DETERMINATION BY THE UNIVERSITY CANNOT BE BASED UPON STATEMENTS ATTRIBUTED TO THE REPORTING INDIVIDUAL; THE DETERMINATION WAS ANNULLED ON THAT GROUND (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, annulled the university’s determination petitioner had violated the university’s “Community Rights and Responsibilities” by sexually assaulting the reporting individual. Petitioner did not deny kissing an touching the reporting individual, but contended all the interactions were consensual. The reporting individual did not testify at the hearing. The university’s Title IX grievance policy provides that, when the reporting individual does not testify and is not subject to cross-examination, the determination cannot be based upon any statement attributed to the reporting individual. Here statements by the reporting individual were the basis for the university’s determination:

Petitioner contends that he was denied due process because he was not afforded the opportunity to question the reporting individual, who did not testify at the hearing or otherwise submit to cross-examination. Under the circumstances presented here, we agree and conclude that annulment is required. “In general, there is a limited right to cross-examine an adverse witness in an administrative proceeding, and the right to cross-examine witnesses generally has not been considered an essential requirement of due process in school disciplinary proceedings” … . Nevertheless, “[i]t is well established that once having adopted rules or guidelines establishing the procedures to be followed in relation to suspension or expulsion of a student, colleges or universities — both public and private — must substantially comply with those rules and guidelines” … . Matter of Bibler v State Univ. of N.Y. at Albany, 2025 NY Slip Op 03373, Third Dept 6-5-25

Practice Point: In a university disciplinary proceeding stemming from an allegation of sexual assault, the right to cross-examine the accuser is not considered an essential requirement of due process. However, the university is required to abide by its own rules. Here the rules stated that, where the accuser is absent from the hearing and is not cross-examined, the university’s determination cannot be based upon statements made by the accuser. The university’s failure to comply with that rule required that the determination be annulled.