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THE SEARCH WARRANT SEEKING CELL SITE LOCATION INFORMATION (CSLI) FROM THE NEW JERSEY CELL PHONE COMPANY WAS FAXED TO NEW JERSEY FROM NEW YORK; THEREFORE THE WARRANT WAS “EXECUTED” IN NEW YORK AND DID NOT VIOLATE THE NEW YORK CONSTITUTION OR CPL ARTICLE 690 (SECOND DEPT). ​

The Second Department, in a full-fledged opinion by Justice LaSalle, determined the search warrant for cell site location information (CSLI) was executed in New York, where the warrant was faxed from, not in New Jersey, where the T-Mobile records were located. Therefore there was no violation of the New York Constitution or Criminal Procedure Law 690.2-(1). The CSLI was used to place the defendant at the location of the stabbing at the time of the stabbing:

Just as the term “executed” is not defined in CPL article 700, it is also not defined in the New York Constitution or CPL article 690. Nevertheless, in determining where a warrant is “executed” within the meaning of CPL 700.05(4), the Court of Appeals looked to where the actions of the law enforcement officers took place. It follows that in determining where a search warrant is “executed” within the meaning of the New York Constitution and CPL 690.20(1), we similarly must look to where the actions of the law enforcement officers took place. Here, the action of the subject law enforcement officer—the act of faxing the search warrant to T-Mobile—took place in New York … .

The “core” of the Fourth Amendment is to “protect the right of privacy from arbitrary police intrusion” … . A service provider accessing and retrieving its subscribers’ CSLI and call detail information located in the service provider’s own business records does not implicate its subscribers’ right to privacy protected by the Fourth Amendment … . It is only when agents of the government act that the subscribers’ Fourth Amendment rights are implicated. Since the actions of the government’s agents that encroached on the defendant’s Fourth Amendment rights—the faxing of the warrant—took place in New York, we conclude that this is where the search warrant was executed. People v Riche, 2024 NY Slip Op 00785, Second Dept 2-14-24

Practice Point: Here a search warrant seeking cell site location information (CSLI), which was faxed from New York to the cell phone company in New Jersey, was “executed” in New York and therefore did not violate the New York Constitution or Criminal Procedure Law Article 690.

 

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