TRIAL JUDGE PROPERLY REFUSED TO COMPEL THE WITNESS WHO ASSERTED HIS FIFTH AMENDMENT PRIVILEGE AGAINST SELF-INCRIMINATION TO TESTIFY OR TO ASSERT THE PRIVILEGE IN FRONT OF THE JURY (THIRD DEPT).
The Third Department determined the trial judge properly refused to compel a witness (Chandler, an accomplice in the defendant’s offenses) who asserted his Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination to testify or to assert the privilege in the presence of the jury:
Chandler — who had entered a guilty plea, but was awaiting sentencing — was produced in court. Outside the presence of the jury, Chandler’s counsel indicated that Chandler intended to exercise his privilege against self-incrimination based on the possibility that he could further incriminate himself, expose himself to perjury charges and/or provide testimony that could adversely impact his upcoming sentencing proceeding. Chandler confirmed under oath that he would invoke the privilege if called as a witness and, when questioned by defendant in the context of that inquiry, did in fact invoke the privilege. Supreme Court acknowledged that Chandler’s plea agreement was contingent upon “no information coming to the [c]ourt’s attention about prior criminal conduct that the [c]ourt did not know about.” Such unknown prior criminal conduct could potentially include crimes relating to defendant’s claim that Chandler coerced him into participating in the schemes to defraud. There was no basis for Supreme Court to conclude that Chandler’s “invocation of the privilege was clearly contumacious, nor was it patently clear that [Chandler’s testimony] could not subject him to prosecution” … . Accordingly, we discern no abuse of discretion in Supreme Court’s refusal to compel Chandler to testify or to require him to assert the privilege in the presence of the jury … . Although defendant certainly had the right to call witnesses and present a defense, he had “no right to compel testimony over a claim of recognized privilege” … . People v Jones, 2019 NY Slip Op 07647, Third Dept 10-24-19