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CITY LIABLE FOR STABBING DEATH OF PLAINTIFF’S DECEDENT IN PARKING GARAGE, SECURITY INADEQUATE, HISTORY OF CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, BUT CITY SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN HELD 100% LIABLE (SECOND DEPT). ​

The Second Department determined the city was properly found liable for the stabbing death of plaintiff’s decedent in a parking garage, but found that the city should not have been held 100% liable. Operating a parking garage is a proprietary function to which governmental immunity does not apply:

Contrary to the City’s contention, it was not entitled to governmental immunity for these claims, which arose out of the performance of proprietary functions. In that respect, the plaintiffs offered proof that the City failed in its capacity as a commercial owner of a public parking garage to meet the basic proprietary obligation of providing minimal security for its garage property … . …

… [T]he plaintiffs made out a prima facie case of negligence at trial, and the jury’s finding in this regard was not against the weight of the evidence. Under the circumstances of this case, in which the plaintiffs established that the City employed almost no security measures in the parking garage where the decedent was murdered, no expert testimony was necessary for the plaintiffs to establish that the City breached its duty to provide minimal security precautions to protect the patrons of the parking garage where the decedent was murdered … . Additionally, in light of the history of criminal activity in the parking garage, which included people being ambushed as they walked to their cars, as was the decedent in this case, the City should have been aware of the “likelihood of conduct on the part of third [parties]” that would “endanger the safety” of visitors to the garage … . …

… [T]he apportionment of 100% of the fault in the happening of the attack to the City was not supported by a fair interpretation of the evidence … . An apportionment of 65% of the fault to the defendant and 35% of the fault to the nonparty tortfeasor better reflects a fair interpretation of the evidence … . Granata v City of White Plains, 2018 NY Slip Op 03964, Second Dept 6-6-18

​NEGLIGENCE (MUNICIPAL LAW, CITY LIABLE FOR STABBING DEATH OF PLAINTIFF’S DECEDENT IN PARKING GARAGE, SECURITY INADEQUATE, HISTORY OF CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, CITY SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN HELD 100% LIABLE (SECOND DEPT))/MUNICIPAL LAW (NEGLIGENCE, ASSAULT, CITY LIABLE FOR STABBING DEATH OF PLAINTIFF’S DECEDENT IN PARKING GARAGE, SECURITY INADEQUATE, HISTORY OF CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, CITY SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN HELD 100% LIABLE (SECOND DEPT))/IMMUNITY (MUNICIPAL LAW, ASSAULT, CITY LIABLE FOR STABBING DEATH OF PLAINTIFF’S DECEDENT IN PARKING GARAGE, SECURITY INADEQUATE, HISTORY OF CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, CITY SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN HELD 100% LIABLE (SECOND DEPT))/ASSAULT (MUNICIPAL LAW, NEGLIGENCE, CITY LIABLE FOR STABBING DEATH OF PLAINTIFF’S DECEDENT IN PARKING GARAGE, SECURITY INADEQUATE, HISTORY OF CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, CITY SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN HELD 100% LIABLE (SECOND DEPT))/PARKING GARAGE (MUNICIPAL LAW, CITY LIABLE FOR STABBING DEATH OF PLAINTIFF’S DECEDENT IN PARKING GARAGE, SECURITY INADEQUATE, HISTORY OF CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, CITY SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN HELD 100% LIABLE (SECOND DEPT))

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