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Entries by Bruce Freeman

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NEITHER THE LEVEL OF PLAYGROUND SUPERVISION NOR THE PLAYGROUND EQUIPMENT CONSTITUTED THE PROXIMATE CAUSE OF INFANT PLAINTIFF’S FALL, PLAINTIFFS’ EXPERT DID NOT DEMONSTRATE EXPERTISE RE: PLAYGROUND EQUIPMENT, THE SCHOOL DISTRICT’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT SHOULD HAVE BEEN GRANTED (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined the school district’s motion for summary judgment in this playground student injury case should have been granted. Defendants demonstrated there was an adequate number of monitors supervising the children, infant plaintiff was using the equipment properly, and the equipment was in good working order. There was no showing that […]

UNLIKE AN INDICTMENT, A WAIVER OF INDICTMENT MUST INCLUDE THE APPROXIMATE TIME OF THE OFFENSE, THE WAIVER HERE INCLUDED ONLY THE DAY OF THE OFFENSE AND WAS THEREFORE INVALID (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department determined the waiver of indictment was invalid because it did not include the approximate time of the offense. The court noted that the time allegations required for an indictment do not include the approximate time of the offense, but the approximate time must be included in a waiver of indictment: Courts have […]

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DURING THE PLEA COLLOQUY DEFENDANT NEGATED AN ELEMENT OF THE CRIME AND THE COURT DID NOT CONDUCT FURTHER INQUIRY, THE ERROR NEED NOT BE PRESERVED FOR CONSIDERATION ON APPEAL, PLEA VACATED (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, vacating defendant’s plea, determined that the court should have conducted further inquiry after defendant, during the plea colloquy, made a statement about the age of the victim which negated an element of the crime. The error triggered the narrow exception to the preservation requirement: Defendant contends that the plea must be vacated […]

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THERE ARE QUESTIONS OF FACT WHETHER DEFENSE COUNSEL CONSENTED TO ADJOURNMENTS, DEFENDANT’S MOTION TO SET ASIDE HIS CONVICTION ALLEGING INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE IN THAT DEFENSE COUNSEL DID NOT MOVE TO DISMISS THE INDICTMENT ON SPEEDY TRIAL GROUNDS SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN DENIED WITHOUT A HEARING (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department determined Supreme Court should have held a hearing on defendant’s motion to vacate his conviction alleging ineffective assistance counsel. i.e., the failure to move to dismiss the indictment based on a speedy trial violation. Although the People raised a question of fact about whether defendant’s counsel consented to certain adjournments, the issue […]

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THE PEOPLE OPENED THE DOOR AT TRIAL CREATING THE NEED FOR DEFENDANT TO CALL AN ALIBI WITNESS FOR WHOM THE DEFENDANT HAD NOT SERVED A NOTICE, THE DENIAL OF THE REQUEST IMPLICATED THE COMPULSORY PROCESS CLAUSE OF THE SIXTH AMENDMENT AND CONSTITUTED REVERSIBLE ERROR (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined the denial of defendant’s request to present an alibi witness was reversible error, despite the fact that a notice of alibi had not been served. The People had opened the door at trial, creating the need to call the alibi witness: Pursuant to CPL 250.20 (3), “[i]f at […]

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ONLY SERIOUS MISCONDUCT, NOT CONFLICTS OF INTEREST, JUSTIFIES REMOVAL OF NAMED EXECUTORS, SURROGATE’S COURT REVERSED, MATTER SENT BACK FOR A HEARING (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing Surrogate’s Court, determined that the petition seeking letters of administration on the ground that respondents, who were the named executors, had conflicts of interest and had breached their fiduciary duties, should not have been granted. The court explained that named executors can be removed only for serious misconduct, not conflicts of […]

IN ORDER FOR THE INJURED RAILROAD WORKER TO BE ELIGIBLE FOR WORKERS’ COMPENSATION LAW BENEFITS, ALL PARTIES WOULD HAVE TO WAIVE FEDERAL JURISDICTION UNDER THE FEDERAL EMPLOYER’S LIABILITY ACT (FELA), MATTER SENT BACK (THIRD DEPT). ​

The Third Department determined that claimant, a railroad employee injured on the job, could only be found eligible for Workers’ Compensation benefits if all the relevant parties consented to waive federal jurisdiction under the Federal Employer’s Liability Act (FELA), which otherwise preempts the Workers’ Compensation Law. The matter was sent back to the Workers’ Compensation […]

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COLLATERAL ESTOPPEL APPLIED TO THE OFFICE FOR PEOPLE WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES’ (OPWDD’S) ARBITRATION PROCEEDINGS WHICH FOUND PETITIONER WAS NOT GUILTY OF SUPPLYING MARIJUANA TO A RESIDENT OF A GROUP HOME FOR PERSONS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, THE SUBSEQUENT PROCEEDINGS BY THE JUSTICE CENTER FOR THE PROTECTION OF PEOPLE WITH SPECIAL NEEDS WERE BOUND BY THE FINDINGS OF THE OPWDD ARBITRATION (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, in a full-fledged opinion by Justice Garry, determined that the arbitration proceeding conducted by Office for People with Developmental Disabilities (OPWDD) had a collateral estoppel effect upon subsequent proceedings concerning the same matter conducted by the Justice Center for the Protection of People with Special Needs. Petitioner was accused of providing marijuana […]

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CHILD DID NOT RECEIVE EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL, MOTHER SOUGHT A MODIFICATION OF VISITATION WITH FATHER BASED UPON THE CHILD’S REACTIONS TO VISITS WITH FATHER, THE ATTORNEY FOR THE CHILD DID NOT MAKE A SUFFICIENT RECORD ON THE RELEVANT ISSUES THROUGH QUESTIONING THE CHILD AND CROSS-EXAMINING MOTHER (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing Family Court, determined the child did not receive effective assistance of counsel in this proceeding to modify visitation. Mother sought to eliminate the scheduled visitation with father and allow the child to visit father as the child wished. Family Court denied the petition: To effectively represent and protect a child’s interests, […]

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