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Entries by Bruce Freeman

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AFTER WALKING OVER A TRAP DOOR, PLAINTIFF STEPPED BACK AND FELL THROUGH THE OPEN DOOR; DEFENDANT OUT-OF-POSSESSION LANDLORD DEMONSTRATED IT DID NOT HAVE ACTUAL OR CONSTRUCTIVE NOTICE OF THE DANGEROUS CONDITION (SECOND DEPT). ​

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined that, although the lease did not unambiguously insulate the out-of-possession landlord from liability for plaintiff’s fall through an open trap door in a deli, the landlord demonstrated it did not have actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition. Apparently plaintiff walked over the closed trap door but […]

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IN A FORECLOSURE ACTION A DISMISSAL FOR LACK OF STANDING IS NOT A DISMISSAL ON THE MERITS RE: RES JUDICATA; A SECOND DISCONTINUANCE WHICH IS NOT ON NOTICE IS NOT A DISCONTINUANCE WITH PREJUDICE RE: CPLR 3217 (C) (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department noted that a foreclosure action dismissed for lack of standing is not a dismissal on the merits. The court further noted that a second discontinuance is not with prejudice, i.e., on the merits, unless it is on notice: “‘Under the doctrine of res judicata, a final disposition on the merits bars litigation […]

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ALTHOUGH THE COMPLAINT STATED CAUSES OF ACTION FOR NEGLIGENT MISREPRESENTATION AND FRAUD, THE JUDICIARY LAW 487 CAUSE OF ACTION SHOULD HAVE BEEN DISMISSED BECAUSE IT WAS NOT ALLEGED THE DECEIT OCCURRED DURING A JUDICIAL PROCEEDING (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined defendant-attorney’s motion to dismiss the Judiciary Law 487 cause of action should have been granted because the deceit or fraud was not alleged to have occurred during a judicial proceeding. Plaintiff alleged the misrepresentation concerned a guaranty for payment on a note related to the sale of plaintiff’s […]

PLAINTIFF, A SWIMMING OFFICIAL, SLIPPED ON WATER ON A POOL DECK AT AN INDOOR SWIMMING FACILITY; THE WATER ON THE POOL DECK CAME FROM AN OVERHEAD DEHUMIDIFICATION SYSTEM, NOT FROM SPLASHES FROM THE POOL; THE WATER WAS NOT NECESSARILY INCIDENTAL TO THE USE OF THE POOL AND THE ASSUMPTION OF THE RISK DOCTRINE DID NOT APPLY; THEREFORE DEFENDANT’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT WAS PROPERLY DENIED (SECOND DEPT). ​

The Second Department determined defendant’s motion for summary judgment in this slip and fall case was properly denied. Plaintiff, a swimming official, slipped on water on a pool deck at an indoor swimming facility. The water did not come from the pool, but rather was condensation from a dehumidification system: … [T]he defendant cannot obtain […]

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THE EVIDENCE DEMONSTRATED DEFENDANT DID NOT STOP FOR A RED LIGHT AND STRUCK PLAINTIFF’S CAR AS PLAINTIFF WAS PASSING THROUGH THE INTERSECTION; FAILING TO STOP FOR A RED LIGHT VIOLATES THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW AND CONSTITUTES NEGLIGENCE PER SE; PLAINTIFF’S SUMMARY JUDGMENT MOTION SHOULD HAVE BEEN GRANTED (SECOND DEPT). ​

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined the evidence that defendant Glennon ran a red light and struck plaintiff’s car as plaintiff was passing through the intersection warranted summary judgment in plaintiff’s favor. Running a red light is a violation of the Vehicle and Traffic Law which constitutes negligence per se: “[A] violation of a […]

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INFECTING A VICTIM WITH HIV CONSTITUTES “PHYSICAL INJURY” WITHIN THE MEANING OF RISK FACTOR 1 RE: THE SEX OFFENDER REGISTRATION ACT; HOWEVER THE FINDING THAT DEFENDANT IN FACT INFECTED THE VICTIM WITH HIV WAS NOT SUPPORTED BY CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined a defendant’s infecting a victim with HIV constitutes “physical injury” within the meaning of risk factor 1 re: the Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA). However the evidence that the victim was in fact infected with HIV by the defendant was not clear and convincing and the related 15 […]

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APPEAL DISMISSED BECAUSE DEFENDANT WAS DEPORTED (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department dismissed defendant’s appeal because he has been deported. The appeal can be reinstated if defendant returns to the court’s jurisdiction: In People v Harrison (27 NY3d 281), the Court of Appeals reaffirmed its ruling that an intermediate appellate court retains its discretion to dismiss a pending permissive appeal due to a defendant’s involuntary […]

SENTENCE VACATED AND MATTER REMITTED FOR AN ON-THE-RECORD DETERMINATION WHETHER DEFENDANT IS ELIGIBLE FOR YOUTHFUL OFFENDER STATUS; MANDATORY SURCHARGES AND FEES WAIVED WITH PEOPLE’S CONSENT (SECOND DEPT). ​

The Second Department, vacating defendant’s sentence and the imposition of mandatory surcharges and fees, held Supreme Court failed to determine on the record whether defendant was eligible for youthful offender status: CPL 720.20(1) requires “that there be a youthful offender determination in every case where the defendant is eligible, even where the defendant fails to […]

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DEFENDANT’S PLEA ALLOCUTION NEGATED AN ELEMENT OF THE OFFENSE; PRESERVATION OF THE ERROR NOT REQUIRED BECAUSE THE JUDGE FAILED TO INQUIRE FURTHER AT THE TIME OF THE ALLOCUTION (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, vacating defendant’s guilty plea, determined the plea allocution negated the intent-to-sell element of criminal possession of a controlled substance. Preservation of the error for appeal was not required because the judge did not make a sufficient inquiry at the time of the allocution: As charged here, criminal possession of a controlled substance […]

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