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Bruce Freeman

About Bruce Freeman

This author has not written his bio yet.
But we are proud to say that Bruce Freeman contributed 11678 entries already.

Entries by Bruce Freeman

Appeals, Criminal Law, Evidence

CRIMINAL SALE OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE FIRST DEGREE AND THE RELATED CONSPIRACY CONVICTIONS WERE AGAINST THE WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department determined the criminal sale of a controlled substance first degree and the related conspiracy convictions were against the weight of the evidence: In a weight of the evidence review, we first determine whether, based on all of the credible evidence, a different finding would have been unreasonable, and, if not, we then […]

January 6, 2022
Workers' Compensation

CLAIMANT’S EXPERT PROVIDED SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE OF A CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLAIMANT FIREFIGHTER’S LUNG CANCER AND EXPOSURE TO TOXINS AT GROUND ZERO, WORKERS’ COMPENSATION BOARD REVERSED (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing the Workers’ Compensation Board, determined the evidence supported a finding that claimant firefighter’s lung cancer and death were caused by exposure to toxins at Ground Zero: The Board found the opinion of Ploss [claimant’s expert] to be incredible in part because he did not “cite to any studies or other evidence […]

January 6, 2022
Retirement and Social Security Law

THE WIND BLOWING A DOOR SHUT ON PETITIONER POLICE OFFICER’S HAND DID NOT CONSTITUTE AN “ACCIDENT” WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE RETIREMENT AND SOCIAL SECURITY LAW (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, over a two-justice dissent, determined petitioner police officer’s injury caused by wind slamming a door on her hand was not an “accident” entitling her to disability benefits: … “[W]hen determining whether a precipitating event was unexpected, [the Comptroller] and courts may … consider whether the injured person had direct knowledge of the […]

January 6, 2022
Criminal Law, Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA)

THE UNLAWFUL SURVEILLANCE CONVICTION DID NOT INVOLVE “SEXUAL CONTACT” AS DEFINED BY THE PENAL LAW; THEREFORE THE 20 POINT ASSESSMENT FOR “SEXUAL CONTACT” WAS ERROR (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing (modifying) County Court, determined the risk factors requiring “sexual contact” and a “prior felony or sex crime” were not supported: County Court erred in assessing points under risk factors 4 and 10. The assessment of points under risk factor 4 is warranted where a defendant has engaged in “either (i) two […]

January 6, 2022
Contract Law

BECAUSE PLAINTIFF ALLEGED THE ORAL CONTRACT WAS ENFORCEABLE EVEN IF THE TRIGGERING EVENT OCCURRED AFTER A YEAR, THE CONTRACT WAS WITHIN THE STATUTE OF FRAUDS AND THEREFORE MUST IN BE WRITING (FIRST DEPT).

The First Department determined the oral contract was within the statute of frauds because it was not susceptible of performance within one year. Plaintiff alleged he was entitled to 50% of the placement fee received by defendant for job candidates he referred to defendant, even if placement was made after a year: The alleged oral […]

January 6, 2022
Appeals, Civil Procedure, Judges

IN THIS ARTICLE 78 PROCEEDING, NO APPEAL LIES FROM A JUDGE’S DECLINING TO SIGN AN ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE; THE ONLY REMEDY IS A MOTION TO VACATE THE FINAL JUDGMENT (FIRST DEPT).

The First Department, in this Article 78 proceeding, noted that no appeal lies from a judge’s declining to sign an order to show cause. The only remedy is a motion to vacate the final judgment: No appeal lies from an order declining to sign an order to show cause, since it is an ex parte […]

January 6, 2022
Civil Procedure, Foreclosure

THE BANK WHICH COMMENCED THE 2006 FORECLOSURE HAD ALREADY ASSIGNED THE NOTE AND MORTGAGE AND DID NOT HAVE STANDING TO FORECLOSE; THEREFORE THE STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS DID NOT START RUNNING IN 2006; THE DISSENT DISAGREED (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, over an extensive dissent, determined that the bank (Option One) which commenced foreclosure proceedings in 2006 did not have standing to do so because it had already assigned the note and mortgage (to Residential). Therefore the six-year statute of limitations did not start to run in 2006. The dissent argued Option One, […]

January 5, 2022
Criminal Law, Judges

THE MAJORITY CONCLUDED THE INTERVENTION BY THE TRIAL JUDGE DID NOT DEPRIVE DEFENDANT OF A FAIR TRIAL; STRONG TW0-JUSTICE DISSENT (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, over an extensive two-justice dissent, affirmed defendant’s murder conviction. The majority noted that some of the trial judge’s remarks would have been better left unsaid, but held the judge did not intervene excessively. The dissent disagreed: … [W]hile many of the Supreme Court’s interventions were proper attempts to clarify testimony and facilitate […]

January 5, 2022
Contract Law, Uniform Commercial Code

DEFENDANT PROPERLY REJECTED THE MACHINES AS NONCONFORMING GOODS, PLAINTIFF DID NOT CURE THE NONCONFORMITY, AND DEFENDANT WAS ENTITLED TO CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES AND LOST PROFITS (SECOND DEPT). ​

The Second Department determined Supreme Court properly found that defendant had rejected the machines as nonconforming goods, plaintiff did not cure the nonconformity, and defendant was properly awarded consequential damages and lost profits: … [T]he Supreme Court found … the defendant[] demonstrated that the plaintiff had breached express and implied warranties by showing that the […]

January 5, 2022
Civil Procedure, Foreclosure

ALTHOUGH THE BANK IN THIS FORECLOSURE ACTION INSPECTED THE VACANT PROPERTY AND MADE PERIODIC REPAIRS, IT WAS NOT A “MORTGAGEE IN POSSESSION” SUCH THAT THE STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS WAS TOLLED; IN ORDER TO BE DEEMED A “MORTGAGEE IN POSSESSION,” THE MORTGAGOR MUST CONSENT TO THE BANK’S POSSESSION OF THE PROPERTY (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, over a dissent, determined the statute of limitations had run on defendant bank’s foreclosure counterclaim. The bank argued that the statute of limitations had been tolled because it was a “mortgagee in possession,” in that it kept tabs on the property and made repairs. The majority held that, in […]

January 5, 2022
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