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DEFENDANT WAS CONVICTED OF CRIMINAL POSSESSION OF A WEAPON FIRST DEGREE, THE WEAPON BEING AN IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICE (IED); THE ATTEMPTED CRIMINAL POSSESSION OF A WEAPON THIRD DEGREE COUNT IS AN INCLUSORY CONCURRENT COUNT WHICH MUST BE DISMISSED; COUNTY COURT IMPROPERLY RESENTENCED DEFENDANT IN HIS ABSENCE, REQUIRING VACATION OF THE SENTENCE (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department determined (1) the attempted criminal possession of a weapon third degree must be dismissed as an inclusory concurrent count of criminal possession of a weapon first degree and (2) the judge’s resentencing the defendant on the attempted criminal possession of a weapon third conviction in defendant’s absence was improper and warranted vacation of the sentence. The defendant was convicted of possessing an improvised explosive device (IED), essentially a bomb:

A person is guilty of attempted criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree “when, with intent to commit a crime, he [or she] engages in conduct” wherein “[s]uch person possesses any explosive or incendiary bomb [or] bombshell” (Penal Law §§ 110.00, 265.02 [2]). The terms explosive substance, explosive and incendiary bomb are not defined in the Penal Law. Explosives are, however, defined in the Labor Law as “gunpowder, powders used for blasting, high explosives, blasting materials, detonating fuses, detonators, pyrotechnics and other detonating agents, fireworks and dangerous fireworks as defined in section 270.00 of the [P]enal [L]aw, smokeless powder and any chemical compound or any mechanical mixture containing any oxidizing and combustible units, or other ingredients in such proportions, quantities, or packing that ignition by fire, friction, concussion, percussion or detonation of any part thereof may cause and is intended to cause an explosion” (Labor Law § 451). The terms explosive or incendiary bomb were added to Penal Law § 265.02 (2) in 1970 to cover Molotov cocktails within the meaning of the statute … . We agree with defendant that it would be impossible to commit the greater crime — criminal possession of a weapon in the first degree — without concomitantly, by the same conduct, committing the lesser crime involving possession of an explosive, incendiary bomb or bombshell. Thus, the conviction for attempted criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree must be vacated and dismissed as an inclusory concurrent count … . People v Graham, 2024 NY Slip Op 03104, Third Dept 6-6-24

Practice Point: Here the attempted criminal possession of a weapon third degree was dismissed as an inclusory concurrent count of criminal possession of a weapon first degree.

Practice Point: Resentencing the defendant in defendant’s absence is a violation of defendant’s constitutional and statutory rights to be present and requires vacation of the sentence.

 

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