THE DENIAL OF A MOTION TO SEAL A CRIMINAL CONVICTION IS CIVIL IN NATURE AND IS THEREFORE APPEALABLE, NOT WITHSTANDING THE ABSENCE OF A CRIMINAL-PROCEDURE STATUTE EXPRESSLY AUTHORIZING APPEAL (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, in a full-fledged opinion by Justice Brathwaite Nelson, determined the denial of a motion to seal a criminal conviction pursuant to Criminal Procedure Law 160.59 is appealable. Appeals in criminal matters must be authorized by statute. The court deemed the motion to seal to be civil in nature ant therefore not subject to the strict restrictions on criminal appeals:

Where, as here, the court issuing the order being appealed from possesses both civil and criminal jurisdiction, appellate courts look to “the true nature of the proceeding and to the relief sought in order to determine whether the proceeding was criminal or civil” … . Where the relief sought is “quintessentially, of a criminal nature”… , or an integral part of an ongoing criminal investigation, the proceeding falls within the court’s criminal jurisdiction and an appeal may not be taken from an order issued therein in the absence of express statutory authority … . * * *

By contrast, even when an order is issued pursuant to a criminal investigation or relates to a collateral aspect of a criminal proceeding, if the nature of the relief sought is civil in nature and the order can be said to be final and does not affect the criminal judgment itself, courts have found the matter to be civil and appeals from such orders are not constrained by the rule controlling appeals from orders in criminal proceedings … . People v Coulibaly, 2021 NY Slip Op 04616, Second Dept 8-4-21