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WHERE FATHER RELINQUISHED CUSTODY BY CONSENT, HE NEED NOT MAKE A THRESHOLD SHOWING OF A CHANGE IN CIRCUMSTANCES TO BE ENTITLED TO A HEARING ON HIS CUSTODY PETITION, NUMEROUS LEGAL AND FACTUAL ERRORS BY THE JUDGE REQUIRED THAT THIS MATTER BE SENT BACK FOR HEARINGS AND RULINGS ON CUSTODY AND VISITATION ISSUES RAISED BY THE FATHER’S PETITION (FOURTH DEPT).

The Fourth Department, reversing Family Court, determined father’s petition for custody should not have been dismissed without a hearing because his prior relinquishment of custody was by consent and therefore no prior order had been issued denying father custody based upon extraordinary circumstances. Where there exists no prior order denying a parent custody based upon extraordinary circumstances, the parent need not show a change in circumstances to warrant a custody hearing. The Fourth Department went on to find, based on the record before it, that extraordinary circumstances justifying the denial of father’s custody petition existed, but the matter had to be remitted for a determination whether a change in custody was in the best interests of the child (the record was insufficient for an appellate court ruling on that issue). Numerous errors made by the judge and the consequent insufficient record prevented the Fourth Department from ruling on father’s visitation requests, so the matter was remitted for a hearing on that issue as well:

With respect to the father’s alternative request for increased visitation, including overnight visitation with the child, we agree with the father on his cross appeal that the court’s determination to deny that request in part was not based on a sound and substantial basis in the record inasmuch as the court’s written decision is riddled with misstatements and incorrect assertions of fact … . …

“Having revived the [father’s] petition, we are mindful of the fact that we possess the power to conduct an independent review of an adequately developed record” … . We are unable to do so on this record, however, inasmuch as the court precluded the father from presenting relevant evidence with respect to the issue of visitation. We therefore further direct the court on remittal to determine following the hearing whether, if a change in custody is denied, an increase in visitation is nevertheless in the best interests of the child. Matter of Schultz v Berke, 2018 NY Slip Op 02945, Fourth Dept 4-27-18

​FAMILY LAW (WHERE FATHER RELINQUISHED CUSTODY BY CONSENT, HE NEED NOT MAKE A THRESHOLD SHOWING OF A CHANGE IN CIRCUMSTANCES TO BE ENTITLED TO A HEARING ON HIS CUSTODY PETITION, NUMEROUS LEGAL AND FACTUAL ERRORS BY THE JUDGE REQUIRED THAT THIS MATTER BE SENT BACK FOR HEARINGS AND RULINGS ON CUSTODY AND VISITATION ISSUES RAISED BY THE FATHER’S PETITION (FOURTH DEPT))/CUSTODY (FAMILY LAW, WHERE FATHER RELINQUISHED CUSTODY BY CONSENT, HE NEED NOT MAKE A THRESHOLD SHOWING OF A CHANGE IN CIRCUMSTANCES TO BE ENTITLED TO A HEARING ON HIS CUSTODY PETITION, NUMEROUS LEGAL AND FACTUAL ERRORS BY THE JUDGE REQUIRED THAT THIS MATTER BE SENT BACK FOR HEARINGS AND RULINGS ON CUSTODY AND VISITATION ISSUES RAISED BY THE FATHER’S PETITION (FOURTH DEPT))/VISITATION (FAMILY LAW, WHERE FATHER RELINQUISHED CUSTODY BY CONSENT, HE NEED NOT MAKE A THRESHOLD SHOWING OF A CHANGE IN CIRCUMSTANCES TO BE ENTITLED TO A HEARING ON HIS CUSTODY PETITION, NUMEROUS LEGAL AND FACTUAL ERRORS BY THE JUDGE REQUIRED THAT THIS MATTER BE SENT BACK FOR HEARINGS AND RULINGS ON CUSTODY AND VISITATION ISSUES RAISED BY THE FATHER’S PETITION (FOURTH DEPT))

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