ALTHOUGH HEARSAY VIOLATED DEFENDANT’S RIGHT OF CONFRONTATION, THE WEAKNESS OF THE EVIDENCE AND THE STRIKING OF THE TESTIMONY PRESERVED THE FAIRNESS OF THE TRIAL.

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Rivera, determined that, although testimony by a detective about a phone conversation with defendant’s wife (who had since recanted and avoided testifying) violated defendant’s right to confront witnesses, the diluted strength of the phone-call evidence coupled with the striking of the detective’s testimony preserved the fairness of the trial. Defendant’s wife was a witness to the stabbing of the victim. The victim knew the defendant and identified him as the attacker. Defendant’s wife first told the police defendant was the attacker but later recanted and she could not be found at the time of trial. The detective’s testimony did not identify the wife as the person he talked to on the phone but the jury could have inferred it was she and that she identified the defendant as the attacker. However, since the detective had also talked to the victim, the jury could also have inferred it was the victim’s statement that led the detective to the defendant:

Here, the detective did not expressly state that the wife was a witness and that she had identified defendant as the attacker. While the testimony supported an inference to that effect, there was another countervailing inference —— as discussed above, the detective may have identified defendant as a suspect based on information provided by the victim to the police at the hospital and passed on to the detective once he took the case, but before the detective spoke to the wife. This inference also flowed logically from the victim’s testimony that the wife was with the victim when he was attacked by defendant, particularly because the jury heard this testimony immediately before the detective testified. As such, the jury could reasonably infer that the police knew about the wife from the victim and that his statements, relayed to the detective during the briefing from the Night Watch Unit, led the police to treat defendant as a suspect. Given this context, the testimony was neither powerfully incriminating nor, as the defendant argues, did it alone transform the entire case from that in which the People presented a single eyewitness to a case with two eyewitnesses identifying defendant as the perpetrator. People v Stone, 2017 NY Slip Op 03559, CtApp 5-4-17

CRIMINAL LAW (ALTHOUGH HEARSAY VIOLATED DEFENDANT’S RIGHT OF CONFRONTATION, THE WEAKNESS OF THE EVIDENCE AND THE STRIKING OF THE TESTIMONY PRESERVED THE FAIRNESS OF THE TRIAL)/EVIDENCE (CRIMINAL LAW, ALTHOUGH HEARSAY VIOLATED DEFENDANT’S RIGHT OF CONFRONTATION, THE WEAKNESS OF THE EVIDENCE AND THE STRIKING OF THE TESTIMONY PRESERVED THE FAIRNESS OF THE TRIAL)/HEARSAY (CRIMINAL LAW, ALTHOUGH HEARSAY VIOLATED DEFENDANT’S RIGHT OF CONFRONTATION, THE WEAKNESS OF THE EVIDENCE AND THE STRIKING OF THE TESTIMONY PRESERVED THE FAIRNESS OF THE TRIAL)/CONFRONTATION, RIGHT OF (CRIMINAL LAW, ALTHOUGH HEARSAY VIOLATED DEFENDANT’S RIGHT OF CONFRONTATION, THE WEAKNESS OF THE EVIDENCE AND THE STRIKING OF THE TESTIMONY PRESERVED THE FAIRNESS OF THE TRIAL)