Recovery Under the Doctrine of Quantum Meruit Was Proper—Proof of Damages Was Sufficient
The Second Department determined defendants, who did construction work without a written contract, were entitled to recover under the doctrine of quantum meruit. The court noted that proof of damages may be based solely on oral testimony as long as the witness has knowledge of the actual costs:
The elements of a cause of action sounding in quantum merit are: (1) the performance of services in good faith, (2) the acceptance of services by the person to whom they are rendered, (3) the expectation of compensation therefor, and (4) the reasonable value of the services rendered … . Here, the trial court properly determined that the … defendants performed services in good faith, that the plaintiff accepted those services, and that the … defendants expected to be compensated therefor. The court also properly determined that the … defendants provided sufficient evidence of the reasonable value of their services. The unsigned agreement furnished evidence of such value … . In addition, the … defendants presented proposals that they submitted to the plaintiff for payment in connection with additional work that they performed, invoices and proof of payments to subcontractors, and invoices and proof of payments to suppliers of materials and equipment. The fair and reasonable value of the … defendants’ services may be properly based on evidence concerning the amount that they billed the plaintiff for such services, and the amounts that subcontractors billed them for their services and for costs of supplies and equipment … .
Moreover, “[p]roof of damages may be based solely on oral testimony as long as the witness has knowledge of the actual costs” … . The record demonstrates that the … defendants, who had 20 years of experience in construction and had built over 100 homes, had knowledge of the actual costs of the services being provided … . Therefore, the … defendants’ testimony provided further evidence of the reasonable value of the services performed … . Johnson v Robertson, 2015 NY Slip Op 06658, 2nd Dept 8-26-15