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Analytical Criteria for Stipulation of Settlement Which Is Incorporated But Not Merged

In finding that a stipulation of settlement did not obligate the parties to file joint income tax returns, the Second Department explained the analytical criteria to be applied to a stipulation that is incorporated but not merged into a judgment of divorce:

” A stipulation of settlement which is incorporated but not merged into a judgment of divorce is a contract subject to principles of contract construction and interpretation'” … . ” Where such an agreement is clear and unambiguous on its face, the intent of the parties must be gleaned from the four corners of the instrument, and not from extrinsic evidence'” … . “A court may not write into a contract conditions the parties did not insert or, under the guise of construction, add or excise terms, and it may not construe the language in such a way as would distort the apparent meaning” … . “Moreover, a court cannot reform an agreement to conform to what it thinks is proper, if the parties have not assented to such a reformation”… . Tamburello v Tamburello, 2014 NY Slip Op 00342, 2nd Dept 1-22-14

 

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