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Eliot Spitzer, Former New York Attorney General, Was a Necessary Party in FOIL Proceeding Seeking His Private Emails In Connection With Civil Enforcement Action against AIG Chief Financial Officer

Petitioner, former Chief Financial Officer of AIG, was the subject of a civil enforcement action against him brought in 2005 by then Attorney General Eliot Spitzer.  Supreme Court granted petitioner’s Freedom of Information Law (FOIL) request for access to private emails of Spitzer.  The Third Department determined that, given the nature of the documents requested, and Spitzer’s current status as a private person, he was a necessary party to the action:

Since at this juncture the object of this proceeding is Spitzer’s private email account(s), and the outcome of this appeal could be a directive to respondent to gain access to and review those private accounts, Spitzer would certainly be “inequitably affected by a judgment in th[is] [proceeding]” and “ought to be [a] part[y] if complete relief is to be accorded between the persons who are parties to [this proceeding]” (CPLR 1001 [a]).  As such, Spitzer is a necessary party herein … .  While not raised directly by the parties, “the court may at any stage of a case and on its own motion determine whether there is a nonjoinder of necessary parties” … .  “The rule . . . insures fairness to third parties who ought not to be prejudiced or ’embarrassed by judgments purporting to bind their rights or interest where they have had no opportunity to be heard'” … .

In this matter, resolution of the disputed FOIL demand directly impacts the personal property of Spitzer, now a private citizen who is not before this Court and whose significant private rights and property cannot be said to be protected by the current respondent, which admittedly does not represent Spitzer’s private interests.  However, “[t]his [C]ourt has previously held that a court may not, on its own initiative, add or direct the addition of a party” (…see CPLR 1003).  Accordingly, the matter must be remitted to Supreme Court to order Spitzer to be joined if he is subject to the jurisdiction of the court and, if not, to permit Spitzer’s joinder by stipulation, motion or otherwise and, “if joinder cannot be effectuated, the court must then determine whether the [proceeding] should be permitted to proceed in the absence of necessary parties”… .  Matter of Smith v NYS Office of the Attorney General, 515758, 3rd Dept 10-17-13

 

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