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FAMILY COURT’S TERMINATION OF MOTHER’S PARENTAL RIGHTS WAS NOT SUPPORTED BY THE EVIDENCE, MOTHER WAS DEALING WITH HER MENTAL HEALTH AND DRUG PROBLEMS AND THE SPECIAL NEEDS OF THE CHILDREN WERE BEING ADDRESSED (SECOND DEPT). ​

The Second Department, reversing Family Court, determined that the proof requirements for the termination of parental rights were not met:

To establish that a parent has permanently neglected a child, an agency must demonstrate, by clear and convincing evidence, that the parent “failed for a period of either at least one year or fifteen out of the most recent twenty-two months following the date such child came into the care of an authorized agency substantially and continuously or repeatedly to maintain contact with or plan for the future of the child, although physically and financially able to do so, notwithstanding the agency’s diligent efforts to encourage and strengthen the parental relationship when such efforts will not be detrimental to the best interests of the child” (Social Services Law § 384-b[7][a]).

… The mother testified that she complied with all of the requirements that were communicated to her in order for the children to be returned to her care. According to the mother, these requirements included visiting with the children regularly, undergoing multiple mental health evaluations, consistently participating in mental health treatment, undergoing drug testing, completing parenting skills classes, visiting the children’s school as much as allowed, and keeping up with the children’s health status. The case files … generally supported the mother’s testimony … .

In light of the petitioner’s failure to adduce other evidence beyond the mother’s own testimony as to the initial reasons for the children’s removal from her care, the significance of the mother’s mental health diagnosis, or the significance of the special needs diagnoses of the children, there was no basis for a determination that the mother’s testimony on these subjects demonstrated a failure “to take such steps as may be necessary to provide an adequate, stable home and parental care for the child[ren] within a period of time which is reasonable under the financial circumstances available to the parent” … . Matter of Jaylen R.B. (Lisa G.)2018 NY Slip Op 08643, Second Dept 12-19-18

 

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CUSTODY SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN TRANSFERRED TO FATHER AND ALL CONTACT BETWEEN MOTHER AND CHILD SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN SUSPENDED WITHOUT A HEARING, JUDGE, SUA SPONTE, SHOULD NOT HAVE PROHIBITED FUTURE PETITIONS FOR CUSTODY OR VISITATION BY MOTHER (FIRST DEPT).

The First Department, reversing Family Court, determined the court should not have transferred custody to father and suspended all contact between the child and mother for a year without conducting a hearing. The First Department further held that the judge should not have, sua sponte, prohibited mother from filing future petitions for custody or visitation without leave of court because no party requested that relief:

… [T]he court erred when, without holding an evidentiary hearing, it made a final order transferring physical and legal custody to the father and suspending all contact between the mother and the child for a year. Determination of the child’s best interests requires examination of the totality of the circumstances … . We have consistently held that “an evidentiary hearing is necessary before a court modifies a prior order of custody or visitation,” even where the court is familiar with the parties and child, and particularly where there are facts in dispute … . Furthermore, while we have stated that a hearing on modification of a custody arrangement in the child’s best interests “may be as abbreviated, in the court’s broad discretion, as the particular allegations and known circumstances warrant. . . ,’ it must include an opportunity for both sides, and the children’s attorney when there is one, to present their respective cases, and the factual underpinnings of any temporary order [must be] made clear on the record'” … .

Here, the court made a final determination without taking any testimony or entering any documents into evidence. The court’s reliance on statements made by the ACS caseworker during a court conference was inappropriate, since the mother’s attorney had requested, but was denied, a full hearing at which counsel could have cross-examined the caseworker. Matter of Michael G. v Katherine C., 2018 NY Slip Op 08568, First Dept 12-13-18

 

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MOTHER’S PETITION TO RELOCATE WITH THE CHILD SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN GRANTED WITHOUT A HEARING, THE PETITION WAS GRANTED AFTER FATHER SCREAMED AT COURT PERSONNEL (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department determined Family Court should not have granted mother’s petition to relocate in this custody modification proceeding without holding a hearing. Family Court granted the petitioner after father appeared and screamed at court personnel:

Where a custodial parent seeks to relocate over the objection of the non-custodial parent, the court must consider each relocation request “on its own merits with due consideration of all the relevant facts and circumstances and with predominant emphasis being placed on what outcome is most likely to serve the best interests of the child” … . “In the end, it is for the court to determine, based on all of the proof, whether it has been established by a preponderance of the evidence that a proposed relocation would serve the child’s best interests” … .

Although “[a] parent seeking a change of custody is not automatically entitled to a hearing” … , “custody determinations should [g]enerally’ be made only after a full and plenary hearing and inquiry'” … . “This general rule furthers the substantial interest, shared by the State, the children, and the parents, in ensuring that custody proceedings generate a just and enduring result that, above all else, serves the best interest of a child” … . “When the allegations of fact in a petition to change custody are controverted, the court must, as a general rule, hold a full hearing” … . Matter of Williams v Jenkins, 2018 NY Slip Op 08491, Second Dept 12-12-18

 

 

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ABSENCE OF A SEXUAL RELATIONSHIP IS NOT NECESSARILY DETERMINATIVE IN AN ASSESSMENT OF WHETHER A PARTY IS A MEMBER OF A HOUSEHOLD FOR PURPOSES OF JURISDICTION OVER A FAMILY OFFENSE PROCEEDING, FAMILY COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE MADE A FINDING RESPONDENT WAS NOT A MEMBER OF THE HOUSEHOLD WITHOUT HOLDING A HEARING (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Family Court, determined that Family Court should not have found that respondent and petitioner did not have an intimate relationship without holding a hearing. Petitioner sought an order of protection against respondent. Under the Family Court Act the court has jurisdiction in a family offense proceeding only if the parties are deemed to have an intimate relationship. Family Court found that, because the relationship was not sexual, it did not constitute an intimate relationship. The Second Department noted that the existence of a sexual relationship is not necessarily determinative and sent the matter back for a hearing:

The Family Court is a court of limited subject matter jurisdiction and “cannot exercise powers beyond those granted to it by statute”… . Pursuant to Family Court Act § 812(1), the Family Court’s jurisdiction in family offense proceedings is limited to certain prescribed acts that occur “between spouses or former spouses, or between parent and child or between members of the same family or household” … .

Effective July 21, 2008 … , the Legislature expanded the definition of “members of the same family or household” to include, among others, “persons who are not related by consanguinity or affinity and who are or have been in an intimate relationship regardless of whether such persons have lived together at any time” (Family Ct Act § 812[1][e] …). The Legislature also expressly excluded from the definition of “intimate relationship” a “casual acquaintance” and “ordinary fraternization between two individuals in business or social contexts”… . Beyond those delineated exclusions, the Legislature left it to the courts to determine on a case-by-case basis whether a particular relationship constitutes an “intimate relationship” within the meaning of Family Court Act § 812(1)(e). The Legislature provided that “[f]actors the court may consider in determining whether a relationship is an intimate relationship’ include but are not limited to: the nature or type of relationship, regardless of whether the relationship is sexual in nature; the frequency of interaction between the persons; and the duration of the relationship”… . The determination of whether persons are or have been in an “intimate relationship” within the meaning of the statute may require a hearing … . Matter of Raigosa v Zafirakopoulos, 2018 NY Slip Op 08485, Second Dept 12-12-18

 

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AUDIOTAPES OF CONVERSATIONS BETWEEN THE PATERNAL GRANDMOTHER AND THE CHILD WERE PROPERLY SUPPRESSED BECAUSE THEY WERE THE PRODUCT OF ILLEGAL WIRETAPPING UNDER CPLR 4506 (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department determined Family Court properly suppressed audiotapes of conversations between the paternal grandmother and the child in this custody dispute between the maternal and paternal grandmothers. The audiotapes constituted illegal wiretapping pursuant to CPLR 4506:

Contrary to the maternal grandmother’s contention, the Family Court properly granted the paternal grandmother’s motion to suppress audiotapes of conversations between the paternal grandmother and the child pursuant to CPLR 4506, which provides for the suppression of evidence obtained by illegal wiretapping. The maternal grandmother and her son (the child’s uncle) were not parties to the conversation, were not present during the conversation, and the maternal grandmother does not assert that, under the circumstances, any vicarious consent was given… . Moreover, there is no merit to the maternal grandmother’s contention that the motion was untimely because it was not made before the hearing, since the paternal grandmother only learned of the existence of the tapes during the hearing (see CPLR 4506[4]). Matter of Dennis v Davis-Schloemer, 2018 NY Slip Op 08480, Second Dept 12-12-18

MOTION TO SUPPRESS, SUPPRESSION

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FAMILY COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE DETERMINED HAWAII WAS THE MORE APPROPRIATE FORUM FOR THIS CUSTODY DISPUTE, HAWAII NEVER HAD SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION AND WAS UNAWARE OF THE FATHER’S NEW YORK CUSTODY PROCEEDINGS UNTIL AFTER THE HAWAII PROCEEDINGS WERE COMPLETED, THE HAWAII RULINGS MUST BE VACATED, ONLY THEN CAN FAMILY COURT MAKE A VALID ANALYSIS OF THE APPROPRIATE FORUM (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Family Court, determined that Hawaii should not have been found to be the more appropriate forum for this custody proceeding without first assuring that all the findings made in Hawaii were vacated. Mother had moved to Hawaii and her custody proceedings there were completed before the Hawaii court was alerted by Family Court of father’s custody proceedings in New York. Hawaii never had subject matter jurisdiction so the matter was sent back to Family Court for a fresh ruling on whether New York is an inconvenient forum:

… [G]iven the substance of its discussions with the Hawaii Court, the Family Court’s determination to engage in an inconvenient forum analysis under Domestic Relations Law § 76-f(1) was an improvident exercise of discretion. Since New York was the child’s home state pursuant to the UCCJEA [Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act] , the Hawaii Court lacked subject matter jurisdiction to make determinations on the mother’s child custody petition… . When the Family Court conferred with the Hawaii Court, the Hawaii Court informed the Family Court that the father was personally served with the mother’s custody petition, which suggested that the Hawaii Court determined that it had personal jurisdiction over the father. But, having been informed of the facts establishing that New York was the child’s home state, the Hawaii Court did not acknowledge its own lack of subject matter jurisdiction to have issued orders regarding child custody … . “A judgment or order issued without subject matter jurisdiction is void, and that defect may be raised at any time and may not be waived” … . In the absence of any indication that the Hawaii Court vacated those orders, the Family Court should not have determined that the Hawaii Court was a more appropriate forum. Indeed, the father did not participate in any of the proceedings in Hawaii and there was no certainty that Hawaii would permit the father to not only reopen the hearings previously held in order to submit his own testimony and evidence, but also, that he would be given an opportunity to challenge the evidence already submitted, including to cross-examine the mother. Matter of Montanez v Tompkinson, 2018 NY Slip Op 08305, Second Dept 12-5-18

FAMILY LAW (FORUM NON CONVENIENS, FAMILY COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE DETERMINED HAWAII WAS THE MORE APPROPRIATE FORUM FOR THIS CUSTODY DISPUTE, HAWAII NEVER HAD SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION AND WAS UNAWARE OF THE FATHER’S NEW YORK CUSTODY PROCEEDINGS UNTIL AFTER THE HAWAII PROCEEDINGS WERE COMPLETED, THE HAWAII RULINGS MUST BE VACATED, ONLY THEN CAN FAMILY COURT MAKE A VALID ANALYSIS OF THE APPROPRIATE FORUM (SECOND DEPT))/CUSTODY (FAMILY LAW, FORUM NON CONVENIENS, FAMILY COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE DETERMINED HAWAII WAS THE MORE APPROPRIATE FORUM FOR THIS CUSTODY DISPUTE, HAWAII NEVER HAD SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION AND WAS UNAWARE OF THE FATHER’S NEW YORK CUSTODY PROCEEDINGS UNTIL AFTER THE HAWAII PROCEEDINGS WERE COMPLETED, THE HAWAII RULINGS MUST BE VACATED, ONLY THEN CAN FAMILY COURT MAKE A VALID ANALYSIS OF THE APPROPRIATE FORUM (SECOND DEPT))/FORUM NON CONVENIENS (FAMILY LAW, FORUM NON CONVENIENS, FAMILY COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE DETERMINED HAWAII WAS THE MORE APPROPRIATE FORUM FOR THIS CUSTODY DISPUTE, HAWAII NEVER HAD SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION AND WAS UNAWARE OF THE FATHER’S NEW YORK CUSTODY PROCEEDINGS UNTIL AFTER THE HAWAII PROCEEDINGS WERE COMPLETED, THE HAWAII RULINGS MUST BE VACATED, ONLY THEN CAN FAMILY COURT MAKE A VALID ANALYSIS OF THE APPROPRIATE FORUM (SECOND DEPT))/CIVIL PROCEDURE (FAMILY LAW, FORUM NON CONVENIENS, FAMILY COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE DETERMINED HAWAII WAS THE MORE APPROPRIATE FORUM FOR THIS CUSTODY DISPUTE, HAWAII NEVER HAD SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION AND WAS UNAWARE OF THE FATHER’S NEW YORK CUSTODY PROCEEDINGS UNTIL AFTER THE HAWAII PROCEEDINGS WERE COMPLETED, THE HAWAII RULINGS MUST BE VACATED, ONLY THEN CAN FAMILY COURT MAKE A VALID ANALYSIS OF THE APPROPRIATE FORUM (SECOND DEPT))/Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA) (FAMILY LAW, FORUM NON CONVENIENS, FAMILY COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE DETERMINED HAWAII WAS THE MORE APPROPRIATE FORUM FOR THIS CUSTODY DISPUTE, HAWAII NEVER HAD SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION AND WAS UNAWARE OF THE FATHER’S NEW YORK CUSTODY PROCEEDINGS UNTIL AFTER THE HAWAII PROCEEDINGS WERE COMPLETED, THE HAWAII RULINGS MUST BE VACATED, ONLY THEN CAN FAMILY COURT MAKE A VALID ANALYSIS OF THE APPROPRIATE FORUM (SECOND DEPT))/JURISDICTION (FAMILY LAW, FORUM NON CONVENIENS, FAMILY COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE DETERMINED HAWAII WAS THE MORE APPROPRIATE FORUM FOR THIS CUSTODY DISPUTE, HAWAII NEVER HAD SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION AND WAS UNAWARE OF THE FATHER’S NEW YORK CUSTODY PROCEEDINGS UNTIL AFTER THE HAWAII PROCEEDINGS WERE COMPLETED, THE HAWAII RULINGS MUST BE VACATED, ONLY THEN CAN FAMILY COURT MAKE A VALID ANALYSIS OF THE APPROPRIATE FORUM (SECOND DEPT))/SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION (FAMILY LAW, FORUM NON CONVENIENS, FAMILY COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE DETERMINED HAWAII WAS THE MORE APPROPRIATE FORUM FOR THIS CUSTODY DISPUTE, HAWAII NEVER HAD SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION AND WAS UNAWARE OF THE FATHER’S NEW YORK CUSTODY PROCEEDINGS UNTIL AFTER THE HAWAII PROCEEDINGS WERE COMPLETED, THE HAWAII RULINGS MUST BE VACATED, ONLY THEN CAN FAMILY COURT MAKE A VALID ANALYSIS OF THE APPROPRIATE FORUM (SECOND DEPT))

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MOTHER’S PETITION TO HAVE HER CHILD RETURNED AFTER TEMPORARY REMOVAL SHOULD HAVE BEEN GRANTED, EVEN THOUGH THE CHILD HAD BEEN RETURNED AT THE TIME OF THE APPEAL, THE ISSUE IS NOT ACADEMIC BECAUSE OF THE STIGMA ASSOCIATED WITH REMOVAL OF A CHILD (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Family Court, determined mother’s petition to have her child returned after removal should have been granted. The child had been removed because of concern the home was not safety-proofed. Mother demonstrated she had taken adequate steps to safety-proof the home. The court noted that, although the child had been returned, the appeal was not academic because of the stigma associated with removing the child:

“An application pursuant to Family Court Act § 1028(a) for the return of a child who has been temporarily removed shall be granted unless the court finds that the return presents an imminent risk to the child’s life or health'”… . The court must “weigh, in the factual setting before it, whether the imminent risk to the child can be mitigated by reasonable efforts to avoid removal” … . “The court must balance that risk against the harm removal might bring, and it must determine factually which course is in the child’s best interests'”… .

Here, the record fails to provide a sound and substantial basis for the Family Court’s determination… . Any concerns that the parents’ substantial efforts to safety-proof their home were inadequate and subjected the child to possible risk of ingesting harmful substances did not amount to an imminent risk to the child’s life or health that could not have been mitigated by reasonable efforts to avoid removal. This is especially so under the circumstances of this case, where the petitioner had been directed to assist the family in safety-proofing the home and failed to do so … . Additionally, the mother presented evidence at the hearing establishing that she had taken substantial measures to safety-proof the home after the child was removed, and had taken the child to the doctor and dentist. Therefore, the evidence did not establish that the return of the child posed an imminent risk to his life or health, since the offending circumstances had been remedied … . Matter of Saad A. (Umda M.), 2018 NY Slip Op 08292, Second Dept 12-5-18

FAMILY LAW (MOTHER’S PETITION TO HAVE HER CHILD RETURNED AFTER TEMPORARY REMOVAL SHOULD HAVE BEEN GRANTED, EVEN THOUGH THE CHILD HAD BEEN RETURNED AT THE TIME OF THE APPEAL, THE ISSUE IS NOT ACADEMIC BECAUSE OF THE STIGMA ASSOCIATED WITH REMOVAL OF A CHILD (SECOND DEPT))/NEGLECT (MOTHER’S PETITION TO HAVE HER CHILD RETURNED AFTER TEMPORARY REMOVAL SHOULD HAVE BEEN GRANTED, EVEN THOUGH THE CHILD HAD BEEN RETURNED AT THE TIME OF THE APPEAL, THE ISSUE IS NOT ACADEMIC BECAUSE OF THE STIGMA ASSOCIATED WITH REMOVAL OF A CHILD (SECOND DEPT))/APPEALS (FAMILY LAW, MOTHER’S PETITION TO HAVE HER CHILD RETURNED AFTER TEMPORARY REMOVAL SHOULD HAVE BEEN GRANTED, EVEN THOUGH THE CHILD HAD BEEN RETURNED AT THE TIME OF THE APPEAL, THE ISSUE IS NOT ACADEMIC BECAUSE OF THE STIGMA ASSOCIATED WITH REMOVAL OF A CHILD (SECOND DEPT))

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FAMILY COURT’S CONCLUSIONS IN THIS CUSTODY MATTER WERE NOT SUPPORTED BY THE RECORD, MATTER REMITTED FOR PROCEEDINGS BEFORE A DIFFERENT JUDGE (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing Family Court, determined that the custody determinations were not supported by the record and remitted the matter for further proceedings before a different judge. The decision is too fact-specific to fairly summarize here:

We agree with the mother that Family Court’s decision and order mischaracterizes and, at times, inaccurately reflects the record evidence and that, therefore, its determination lacks a sound and substantial basis in the record. …

… [T]he record evidence does not support Family Court’s depiction of the mother as “a hands-off parent who appears to pay little attention to the child’s needs when he is in her care” or its converse depiction of the father as a “devote[d]” parent with few, if any, flaws. Our review of the evidence reveals a more complicated picture than that portrayed by Family Court. …

… [T]he record evidence, including the father’s own admissions, completely contradicts Family Court’s conclusion that there was no support for the mother’s claim of substance abuse and domestic violence by the father. …

Family Court’s conclusion that there “was no credible evidence of domestic violence” by the father against the mother was also contradicted by the record. …

… Family Court misconstrued, mischaracterized and otherwise amplified the evidence to portray the mother in the light least favorable. …

Moreover, even if Family Court’s determination to award the father primary physical custody were supported by a sound and substantial basis, there was no basis for the severe reduction of the mother’s overall time with the child, particularly since the parties had previously shared 50/50 custody of the child … . Matter of Shirreece AA. v Matthew BB., 2018 NY Slip Op 08215, Third Dept 11-29-18

FAMILY LAW (FAMILY COURT’S CONCLUSIONS IN THIS CUSTODY MATTER WERE NOT SUPPORTED BY THE RECORD, MATTER REMITTED FOR PROCEEDINGS BEFORE A DIFFERENT JUDGE (THIRD DEPT))/EVIDENCE (FAMILY LAW, CUSTODY, FAMILY COURT’S CONCLUSIONS IN THIS CUSTODY MATTER WERE NOT SUPPORTED BY THE RECORD, MATTER REMITTED FOR PROCEEDINGS BEFORE A DIFFERENT JUDGE (THIRD DEPT))/CUSTODY (FAMILY COURT’S CONCLUSIONS IN THIS CUSTODY MATTER WERE NOT SUPPORTED BY THE RECORD, MATTER REMITTED FOR PROCEEDINGS BEFORE A DIFFERENT JUDGE (THIRD DEPT))

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RESPONDENT WAS NOT AFFORDED EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL IN THIS FAMILY OFFENSE PROCEEDING, DEFENSE COUNSEL DID ALMOST NOTHING TO ASSIST HIS CLIENT, FINDINGS AND ORDER OF PROTECTION REVERSED (THIRD DEPT). ​

The Third Department, reversing Family Court, determined that respondent did not receive effective assistance of counsel in this family offense proceeding:

Petitioner filed a family offense petition alleging that respondent harassed and stalked her. …

Viewing the record in its entirety, we agree with respondent’s argument that he was denied meaningful representation … .. Before the hearing, counsel did not engage in any discovery. At the hearing, counsel did not present an opening or closing statement. Nor did counsel object when Family Court questioned petitioner — who appeared pro se — and admittedly assisted her in establishing a foundation for two of her three photographic exhibits. Counsel asked questions of petitioner regarding those exhibits on voir dire, but objected to admission of only one of them, did not request that the court disregard petitioner’s handwritten notes on the exhibits, and did not object to the many hearsay statements made by petitioner. Counsel declined to cross-examine petitioner, at which point the court stated that she had established a prima facie case and did not need to call any further witnesses. Even though respondent had stated — while not under oath — that one of the photographs was taken when the parties were out together, rather than while petitioner was unaware of his presence, counsel did not call respondent or any other witnesses to testify. In short, counsel did almost nothing to assist his client. Matter of Wood v Rebich, 2018 NY Slip Op 08213, Third Dept 11-29-18

FAMILY LAW (ATTORNEYS, RESPONDENT WAS NOT AFFORDED EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL IN THIS FAMILY OFFENSE PROCEEDING, DEFENSE COUNSEL DID ALMOST NOTHING TO ASSIST HIS CLIENT, FINDINGS AND ORDER OF PROTECTION REVERSED (THIRD DEPT))/ATTORNEYS (FAMILY LAW, RESPONDENT WAS NOT AFFORDED EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL IN THIS FAMILY OFFENSE PROCEEDING, DEFENSE COUNSEL DID ALMOST NOTHING TO ASSIST HIS CLIENT, FINDINGS AND ORDER OF PROTECTION REVERSED (THIRD DEPT))/FAMILY OFFENSE (ATTORNEYS, RESPONDENT WAS NOT AFFORDED EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL IN THIS FAMILY OFFENSE PROCEEDING, DEFENSE COUNSEL DID ALMOST NOTHING TO ASSIST HIS CLIENT, FINDINGS AND ORDER OF PROTECTION REVERSED (THIRD DEPT))/CRIMINAL LAW (FAMILY LAW, FAMILY OFFENSE, CRIMINAL LAW, RESPONDENT WAS NOT AFFORDED EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL IN THIS FAMILY OFFENSE PROCEEDING, DEFENSE COUNSEL DID ALMOST NOTHING TO ASSIST HIS CLIENT, FINDINGS AND ORDER OF PROTECTION REVERSED (THIRD DEPT))/INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE (FAMILY LAW, RESPONDENT WAS NOT AFFORDED EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL IN THIS FAMILY OFFENSE PROCEEDING, DEFENSE COUNSEL DID ALMOST NOTHING TO ASSIST HIS CLIENT, FINDINGS AND ORDER OF PROTECTION REVERSED (THIRD DEPT))

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TERMINATION OF FATHER’S VISITATION RIGHTS WAS NOT SUPPORTED BY A SOUND AND SUBSTANTIAL BASIS IN THE RECORD, WHICH INCLUDED HEARSAY (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing Family Court, determined termination of father’s visitation was not supported by a sound and substantial basis in the record:

It is undisputed that the father engaged in physical violence and verbal abuse directed at the mother. Although the record demonstrates strong support for a change in circumstances and supervised visitation, the record lacks direct evidence that visitation is detrimental to the child; as such, it is presumed that it is in the child’s best interests to continue visitation … . Further, although the mother and maternal grandmother testified regarding concerns about the father’s sexual behavior, these concerns were based on hearsay and speculation from vulgar and inappropriate comments made by the father. Concern regarding abuse or potential abuse must have a basis in the record to justify denial of visitation; uncorroborated hearsay alone is not enough … . Notably, both the mother and the attorney for the child supported continued supervised visitation … . Thus, Family Court’s determination to terminate visitation lacks a sound and substantial basis in the record … . Matter of Boisvenue v Gamboa, 2018 NY Slip Op 08211, Third Dept 11-29-18

FAMILY LAW (VISITATION, TERMINATION OF FATHER’S VISITATION RIGHTS WAS NOT SUPPORTED BY A SOUND AND SUBSTANTIAL BASIS IN THE RECORD, WHICH INCLUDED HEARSAY (THIRD DEPT))/VISITATION (FAMILY LAW, TERMINATION OF FATHER’S VISITATION RIGHTS WAS NOT SUPPORTED BY A SOUND AND SUBSTANTIAL BASIS IN THE RECORD, WHICH INCLUDED HEARSAY (THIRD DEPT))/EVIDENCE (FAMILY LAW, VISITATION, TERMINATION OF FATHER’S VISITATION RIGHTS WAS NOT SUPPORTED BY A SOUND AND SUBSTANTIAL BASIS IN THE RECORD, WHICH INCLUDED HEARSAY (THIRD DEPT))/HEARSAY (FAMILY LAW, VISITATION, TERMINATION OF FATHER’S VISITATION RIGHTS WAS NOT SUPPORTED BY A SOUND AND SUBSTANTIAL BASIS IN THE RECORD, WHICH INCLUDED HEARSAY (THIRD DEPT))

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