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FATHER’S VISITATION RIGHTS SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN INDEFINITELY SUSPENDED WITHOUT A HEARING, UNTESTED EVIDENCE PRESENTED AT CONFERENCES NOT SUFFICIENT (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Family Court, determined father’s visitation rights should not have been suspended indefinitely without a hearing. Family Court had relied on untested evidence presented at conferences: ​ Generally, where a facially sufficient petition has been filed, modification of a Family Ct Act article 6 custody and visitation order requires a full and […]

FAMILY COURT DID NOT HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO ORDER THE FINGERPRINTING OF MOTHER SEEKING TO BE APPOINTED GUARDIAN IN THIS SPECIAL IMMIGRANT JUVENILE STATUS PROCEEDING (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Family Court, determined the court did not have the authority to order mother to be fingerprinted in this special immigrant juvenile status (SIJS) proceeding: ​ … [T]he mother commenced this proceeding to be appointed guardian of the subject child for the purpose of obtaining an order declaring that the child is […]

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DEFENDANT’S SUBMISSION OF RE-OFFENSE RISK ASSESSMENTS OTHER THAN NEW YORK’S RISK ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT (RAI) DID NOT CONSTITUTE A MITIGATING FACTOR WARRANTING DOWNWARD DEPARTURE (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, in a full-fledged opinion by Justice Eng, determined Supreme Court properly denied defendant’s request for a downward departure in this Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA) risk assessment proceeding. Defendant submitted two psychological risk assessments, the Static-99R and the Vermont Assessment, in support of the request for downward departure: ​ To recognize a […]

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THE PARAMEDIC DEFENDANT WAS ACCUSED OF ASSAULTING WAS NOT A PEACE OFFICER AND THE JURY SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN SO INSTRUCTED, THEREBY EFFECTIVELY NEGATING THE JUSTIFICATION DEFENSE (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing defendant’s assault conviction, determined the jury should not have been instructed that the paramedic defendant was accused of assaulting was a peace officer (thereby negating the justification defense). The paramedic (Cohn) was a member of the NYC Fire Department, and was not authorized to arrest: ​ Penal Law § 35.27 provides […]

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IN MOVING FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT PLAINTIFF COULD NOT MAKE OUT A PRIMA FACIE CASE WITH EVIDENCE SUBMITTED FOR THE FIRST TIME IN REPLY PAPERS, PLAINTIFF’S SUMMARY JUDGMENT MOTION SHOULD HAVE BEEN DENIED (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, explained an aspect of the rigid proof requirements for summary judgment. Here plaintiff bank moved for summary judgment in a foreclosure action. Defendant, in opposition, raised plaintiff’s failure to demonstrate compliance with a condition precedent in the note. Plaintiff submitted reply papers with proof the condition precedent had been […]

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ALTHOUGH PLAINTIFF BEARS THE BURDEN OF PROOF AT TRIAL, A DEFENDANT BRINGING A MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT BEARS THE BURDEN OF PROOF, GAPS IN DEFENDANT’S PROOF REQUIRE DENIAL OF THE MOTION WITHOUT CONSIDERING THE OPPOSING PAPERS (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department determined defendants’ motion for summary judgment was properly denied in this fraudulent conveyance action. The court offered a particularly clear description of how summary judgment motions are analyzed by the appellate courts. Although plaintiff bears the burden of proof at trial, a defendant bringing a motion for summary judgment bears the burden […]

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DECLARATORY JUDGMENT ACTION ALLEGING VIOLATION OF BUILDING HEIGHT RESTRICTIONS WAS UNTIMELY BECAUSE THE ACTION SHOULD HAVE BEEN BROUGHT AS AN ARTICLE 78 PROCEEDING (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department determined plaintiffs’ declaratory judgment action should have been brought as an Article 78 proceeding and was properly dismissed as untimely. The action concerned alleged violations of height restrictions on new construction which had been the subject of a final environmental impact statement (FEIS): An action for a declaratory judgment is generally governed […]

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CITY NOT LIABLE FOR ACTIONS OF OFF-DUTY POLICE OFFICER WHO WAS ACTING OUTSIDE THE SCOPE OF HIS EMPLOYMENT DURING THE ENCOUNTER WITH PLAINTIFF (FOURTH DEPT).

The Fourth Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined that an off-duty police officer (Rodriguez) working security at a bar was not acting within the scope of his employment during the encounter with plaintiff. Therefore the causes of action against the city based upon vicarious liability or respondeat superior, alleging negligence, assault and false imprisonment, should have […]

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IN THIS SLIP AND FALL CASE, COLLAPSE OF PAVEMENT NEAR A STORM DRAIN WAS CAUSED BY WATER FLOWING INTO THE DRAIN OVER TIME AND WAS NOT THE IMMEDIATE RESULT OF ACTION TAKEN BY THE VILLAGE, THE CONDITION WAS NOT ACTIONABLE (FOURTH DEPT).

The Fourth Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined the village’s motion for summary judgment in this slip and fall case should have been granted. Where a municipality has a written notice requirement which has not been met, it still can be liable for a dangerous condition it created. However a defect which develops gradually over time, […]

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PLAINTIFFS’ BATTERY AND MEDICAL MALPRACTICE ACTIONS PROPERLY SURVIVED SUMMARY JUDGMENT, DEFENDANTS PAPERS, WHICH INCLUDED PLAINTIFF’S TESTIMONY, DEMONSTRATED TRIABLE ISSUES OF FACT (FOURTH DEPT)

The Fourth Department determined plaintiffs’ battery and medical malpractice causes of action properly survived summary judgment. The court noted that the defendants had submitted plaintiff’s testimony in support of summary judgment and thereby demonstrate triable issues of fact. With respect to the battery cause of action, the court wrote: ​ It is “well settled that a medical […]

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