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Bruce Freeman

About Bruce Freeman

This author has not written his bio yet.
But we are proud to say that Bruce Freeman contributed 11668 entries already.

Entries by Bruce Freeman

Attorneys, Criminal Law

DEFENDANT WAS DEPRIVED OF HIS RIGHT TO COUNSEL WHEN DEFENSE COUNSEL TOLD THE COURT HE DID NOT WANT ANY PART OF DEFENDANT’S MOTION TO WITHDRAW HIS GUILTY PLEA (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department determined defendant was denied his right to counsel when defense counsel told the court he did not want to be a party to defendant’s motion to withdraw his guilty plea: The defendant stated that he wished to withdraw his plea of guilty on the grounds that he was innocent and that he […]

December 5, 2018
Criminal Law

THE 2015 COURT OF APPEALS DECISION WHICH PROHIBITED INSTRUCTING A JURY THAT IT COULD FIND A DEFENDANT GUILTY OF BOTH DEPRAVED INDIFFERENCE MURDER AND INTENTIONAL (TRANSFERRED INTENT) MURDER OF A SINGLE VICTIM SHOULD NOT BE APPLIED RETROACTIVELY (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department determined that a 2015 Court of Appeals decision holding that a jury cannot be instructed that it could find defendant guilty of both depraved indifference murder and intentional murder of a single victim should not be applied retroactively. Defendant was shooting at another when he struck and killed his accomplice: In People v Dubarry (25 […]

December 5, 2018
Evidence, Negligence

DEFENDANT’S UNSUPPORTED ALLEGATION THAT PLAINTIFF STOPPED SUDDENLY WAS NOT ENOUGH TO DEFEAT PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT IN THIS REAR END COLLISION CASE (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department noted that defendant driver’s allegation that plaintiff driver stopped suddenly in this rear end collision case was not sufficient to create a question of fact: … [T]he plaintiff demonstrated his prima facie entitlement to judgment as a matter of law on the issue of liability by averring that he was stopped at […]

December 5, 2018
Civil Procedure, Contempt, Municipal Law

TOWN SHOULD HAVE BEEN HELD IN CONTEMPT FOR FAILURE TO BUILD A FENCE IN ACCORDANCE WITH A STIPULATION (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined that the town should be held in contempt for failure to erect a fence on town land in accordance with a stipulation. Plaintiff had requested the fence because people were crossing town land to trespass on plaintiff’s property: “In order to sustain a finding of civil contempt, it is not […]

December 5, 2018
Mental Hygiene Law

ABSENT A FINDING THE GUARDIAN OF THE PROPERTY OF AN INCAPACITATED PERSON FAILED TO PROPERLY DISCHARGE HER DUTIES, THE COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE ORDERED THE GUARDIAN TO PAY THE ACCOUNTANT WHO ASSISTED IN PREPARING THE FINAL ACCOUNT FROM HER OWN FUNDS (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined that, absent a showing of misconduct, the guardian of the property of an incapacitated person should not have been required to pay the accountant used to prepare the final account from her own funds: A court is authorized to award “reasonable compensation” to a guardian (Mental Hygiene Law […]

December 5, 2018
Appeals, Civil Procedure

PRIOR RULINGS ON APPEAL CONSTITUTE THE LAW OF THE CASE, SUPREME COURT RULING TO THE CONTRARY REVERSED (SECOND DEPT).

  The Second Department determined the contested matters had already been ruled upon in a prior appeal and therefore constituted the law of the case which must be followed. The contrary ruling by Supreme Court was reversed: “An appellate court’s resolution of an issue on a prior appeal constitutes the law of the case and […]

December 5, 2018
Contract Law, Corporation Law, Landlord-Tenant, Limited Liability Company Law

ALTHOUGH THE PLAINTIFF LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY DID NOT EXIST AT THE TIME THE LEASE WAS SIGNED, DEFENDANT TOOK POSSESSION OF THE PROPERTY, UNDER THE DOCTRINE OF INCORPORATION BY ESTOPPEL, DEFENDANT CANNOT ESCAPE LIABILITY FOR BREACH OF THE LEASE (SECOND DEPT). ​

The Second Department determined that the doctrine of incorporation by estoppel was properly applied in this  breach of contract (lease) case. Although plaintiff limited liability company did not exist at the time the lease was signed, defendant took possession of the property. Defendant was therefore estopped from escaping liability under the lease based on the […]

December 5, 2018
Civil Procedure, Family Law

FAMILY COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE DETERMINED HAWAII WAS THE MORE APPROPRIATE FORUM FOR THIS CUSTODY DISPUTE, HAWAII NEVER HAD SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION AND WAS UNAWARE OF THE FATHER’S NEW YORK CUSTODY PROCEEDINGS UNTIL AFTER THE HAWAII PROCEEDINGS WERE COMPLETED, THE HAWAII RULINGS MUST BE VACATED, ONLY THEN CAN FAMILY COURT MAKE A VALID ANALYSIS OF THE APPROPRIATE FORUM (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Family Court, determined that Hawaii should not have been found to be the more appropriate forum for this custody proceeding without first assuring that all the findings made in Hawaii were vacated. Mother had moved to Hawaii and her custody proceedings there were completed before the Hawaii court was alerted by […]

December 5, 2018
Arbitration, Contract Law, Employment Law, Municipal Law

ARBITRATOR, NOT THE COURTS, MUST FIRST DETERMINE WHETHER THE MATTER IS ARBITRABLE, CITY HAD ISSUED NEW PROTOCOLS FOR FIRST RESPONDERS, THE UNION FILED A GRIEVANCE ARGUING THE NEW PROTOCOLS MUST BE THE SUBJECT OF ARBITRATION, AN ARBITRATOR MUST DECIDE WHETHER THE ISSUE IS COVERED BY THE COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, held that whether the public sector employment matter was arbitrable under the terms of the collective bargaining agreement (CBA) must first be determined by the arbitrator, not the courts. The city had issued new protocols for first responders in the EMS program concerning active shooters, animal bites, suspicious packages, medical […]

December 5, 2018
Evidence, Municipal Law, Negligence

POLICE OFFICER SLIPPED AND FELL ON AN OUTSIDE STAIRWAY WHEN PATROLLING DEFENDANTS’ PROPERTY, DEFENDANTS’ MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT ON THE NEGLIGENCE AND GENERAL MUNICIPAL LAW 205-a CAUSES OF ACTION SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN GRANTED, PLAINTIFFS’ MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT PROPERLY DENIED (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing (modifying) Supreme Court, determined that defendants’ motion for summary judgment in this slip and fall case should not have been granted. Plaintiff police officer was patrolling defendants’ property (at defendants’ request) when he slipped and fell an on outside stairway. Both the negligence cause of action and the General Municipal Law […]

December 5, 2018
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