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Bruce Freeman

About Bruce Freeman

This author has not written his bio yet.
But we are proud to say that Bruce Freeman contributed 11625 entries already.

Entries by Bruce Freeman

Administrative Law, Criminal Law, Municipal Law

THE NEW YORK CITY CIVILIAN COMPLAINT REVIEW BOARD (CCRB) IS NOT ENTITLED TO UNSEAL THE RECORD OF THE CRIMINAL PROSECUTION AND TRIAL OF AN OFF-DUTY POLICE OFFICER WHO SHOT A MAN IN A ROAD RAGE INCIDENT (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, in a full-fledged opinion by Justice McCormick, determined the NYC Civilian Complaint Review Board (CCRB) was not entitled to unseal the record of a criminal action which had resulted in the acquittal of an off-duty police officer (the defendant) who shot and killed a man during a road rage […]

March 26, 2025
Appeals, Criminal Law

HERE THE FOURTH DEPARTMENT HAD ORDERED A RECONSTRUCTION HEARING BECAUSE THE ORIGINAL RECORD WAS WOEFULLY INCOMPLETE; THE MAJORITY CONCLUDED THE RECONSTRUCTION HEARING WAS PROPERLY DONE AND AFFIRMED DEFENDANT’S CONVICTION; THE DISSENT TOOK ISSUE WITH NATURE OF THE RECONSTRUCTION HEARING (FOURTH DEPT).

The Fourth Department, affirming defendant’s conviction over a dissent, determined the reconstruction hearing compelled by the incomplete original record was properly done. The dissent disagreed: We … reserved decision … and remitted the matter to County Court “to conduct a reconstruction hearing with respect to the missing and irregular transcripts” … . Upon remittal, the […]

March 21, 2025
Civil Procedure, Evidence, Judges, Negligence

PLAINTIFF ALLEGED DEFENDANT HOSPITAL WAS NEGLIGENT IN PLACING HIM IN A ROOM WITH A PERSON WITH COVID; PLAINTIFF WAS ENTITLED TO DISCOVERY OF THAT PERSON’S MEDICAL RECORDS TO DETERMINE WHEN THE HOSPITAL BECAME AWARE OF THE COVID DIAGNOSIS (FOURTH DEPT).

The Fourth Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined plaintiff was entitled to discovery of another’s medical records. Plaintiff alleged the hospital was negligent in placing plaintiff in a room with a person with COVID. The sought medical records may reveal when the hospital became aware of the COVID diagnosis: Although “discovery determinations rest within the sound […]

March 21, 2025
Family Law, Judges

THE JUDGE SHOULD NOT HAVE PLACED CONDITIONS ON MOTHER’S VISITATION; MATTER REMITTED FOR A SPECIFIC VISITATION SCHEDULE (FOURTH DEPT). ​

The Fourth Department, reversing (modifying) Family Court, determined the judge should not have placed conditions on mother’s visitation and remitted the matter for a visitation schedule: We agree with the mother … that the court erred in conditioning her visitation upon either her participation in domestic violence counseling or that she no longer reside with […]

March 21, 2025
Criminal Law, Evidence

IN THIS STRANGULATION CASE, A POLICE OFFICER’S TESTIMONY ABOUT UNRELATED ALLEGED STRANGULATIONS INVOLVING OTHER COMPLAINANT’S DEPRIVED DEFENDANT OF A FAIR TRIAL (FOURTH DEPT).

The Fourth Department, reversing defendant’s strangulation conviction and ordering a new trial, determined the admission of the testimony of a police officer describing unrelated allegations of strangulation by other complainants deprived defendant of a fair trial: … County Court erred in admitting in evidence testimony from a police officer who responded to the scene regarding […]

March 21, 2025
Criminal Law, Family Law

PRIVATE MESSAGES SENT BY THE JUVENILE DID NOT MEET THE CRITERIA FOR A “TERRORISTIC THREAT” (FOURTH DEPT).

The Fourth Department, reversing Family Court, determined the messages sent by the juvenile did not meet the criteria for a terroristic threat: … [A] person is guilty of making a terroristic threat when “with intent to intimidate or coerce a civilian population . . . [they] threaten[ ] to commit or cause to be committed […]

March 21, 2025
Insurance Law, Negligence

THE COMPLAINT STATED CAUSES OF ACTION FOR DAMAGES STEMMING FROM THE ALLEGED FAILURE TO RETURN PLAINTIFF’S TESLA TO ITS PRE-ACCIDENT CONDITION AND THE ALLEGED FAILURE TO PROVIDE PLAINTIFF WITH COMPARABLE TRANSPORTATION WHILE THE TESLA WAS BEING REPAIRED (FOURTH DEPT).

The Fourth Department, reversing (modifying) Supreme Court, determined the complaint stated causes of action for damages relating to the alleged failure to restore plaintiff’s Tesla to its pre-accident condition and damages relating to the alleged failure to provide plaintiff with comparable transporting while the Tesla was repaired: We agree with plaintiff … that the court […]

March 21, 2025
Employment Law, Negligence

A MEDICAL CORPORATION CAN BE LIABLE IN TORT FOR FAILURE TO SAFEGUARD THE CONFIDENTIALITY OF MEDICAL RECORDS (FOURTH DEPT).

The Fourth Department, reversing (modifying) Supreme Court, determined the complaint against defendant medical corporations stated a cause of action for negligent failure to safeguard the confidentiality of medical records: Plaintiffs commenced this action alleging that, attendant to the health care services they received from defendant Rochester General Hospital (RGH), confidential medical records were generated and […]

March 21, 2025
Criminal Law, Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA)

THE FACT THAT THE SENTENCING COURT IN 2016 DID NOT USE DEFENDANT’S 2006 CONVICTION TO ENHANCE HIS SENTENCE DID NOT REQUIRE THE SORA COURT TO IGNORE THE 2006 CONVICTION WHICH WAS NEVER DIRECTLY ATTACKED AS UNCONSTITUTIONAL AND WAS NEVER VACATED; THEREFORE THE 2006 CONVICTION WAS PROPERLY RELIED UPON BY THE SORA COURT TO ASSESS DEFENDANT A LEVEL THREE RISK (CT APP).

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Singas, determined the fact that the resentencing court in 2016 found defendant’s 2006 conviction by guilty plea “constitutionally infirm” for purposes of sentencing did not require the SORA court to ignore the 2006 conviction. Defendant had never directly attacked the constitutionality of the 2006 conviction: […]

March 20, 2025
Administrative Law, Landlord-Tenant, Municipal Law

THE LANDLORD’S APPLICATION TO AMEND PRIOR ANNUAL REGISTRATION STATEMENTS TO PERMANENTLY EXEMPT AN APARTMENT FROM RENT STABILIZATION WAS PROPERLY DENIED BY THE DIVISION OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY RENEWAL (DHCR); ONLY MINISTERIAL AMENDMENTS TO PRIOR ANNUAL REGISTRATION STATEMENTS, SUCH AS CLERICAL ERRORS AND MISSPELLINGS, ARE ALLOWED (CT APP). ​

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Singas, over an extensive two-judge dissenting opinion, determined the Division of Housing and Community Renewal (DHCR) properly rejected petitioner-landlord’s application to amend two prior annual registration statements to permanently exempt an apartment from rent stabilization. The ability to amend the annual registration statements extends only […]

March 20, 2025
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