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Bruce Freeman

About Bruce Freeman

This author has not written his bio yet.
But we are proud to say that Bruce Freeman contributed 11685 entries already.

Entries by Bruce Freeman

Criminal Law

THE INCLUSION OF EXTRANEOUS INFORMATION ON THE VERDICT SHEET WHICH DID NOT PROVIDE ANY SUBSTANTIVE INFORMATION ABOUT THE CASE WAS HARMLESS ERROR (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department determined, although it was error to include extraneous information on the verdict sheet, i.e., that the defendant had authorized the verdict sheet, the error was harmless: The Court of Appeals has “held that it is reversible error, not subject to harmless error analysis, to provide a jury in a criminal case with […]

December 5, 2019
Appeals, Criminal Law, Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA)

ALTHOUGH COUNTY COURT ISSUED, ENTERED AND FILED A DECISION ADJUDICATING DEFENDANT A LEVEL THREE SEX OFFENDER, THERE WAS NO LANGUAGE INDICATING THE DECISION WAS A JUDGMENT OR AN ORDER; IN ADDITION, THE RISK ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT DID NOT INCLUDE “SO ORDERED” LANGUAGE; THEREFORE THERE WAS NO APPEALABLE ORDER BEFORE THE COURT AND THE APPEAL WAS DISMISSED (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department dismissed the appeal of County Court’s SORA risk assessment because County Court did not issue an appealable order: Following a hearing, County Court rejected defendant’s challenge to certain assessed points, adjudicated him as a risk level three sex offender and designated him as a sexually violent offender. Defendant appeals. An appealable order […]

December 5, 2019
Criminal Law, Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA)

PROOF OF OCCASIONAL DRUG USE IN THE REMOTE PAST AND REFERRALS FOR ALLEGED DRUG USE IN PRISON SEVERAL YEARS AGO WAS INSUFFICIENT TO WARRANT THE ASSESSMENT OF 15 POINTS FOR A HISTORY OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined defendant should not have been assessed 15 points for his history of drug and alcohol abuse. The evidence of drug use was remote in time and drug use was not an aspect of the offense: Defendant reported that, prior to moving to this area in 1987, he had […]

December 5, 2019
Criminal Law, Evidence

SEARCH WARRANT FOR DEFENDANT’S CELL PHONE WAS OVERLY BROAD; GUILTY PLEA VACATED (FIRST DEPT).

The First Department, vacating defendant’s guilty plea, determined that the search warrant issued for defendant’s cell phone was  overly broad in that it authorized a search going back eight months before the conduct alleged in the warrant: The search warrant for defendant’s phones was overbroad. The application alleged that, on September 1, 2016, defendant sent […]

December 5, 2019
Criminal Law

COURTROOM SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN CLOSED TO FAMILY MEMBERS DURING THE UNDERCOVER OFFICER’S TESTIMONY, NEW TRIAL ORDERED (FIRST DEPT).

The First Department, ordering an new trial, determined the defendant’s family members should not have been excluded from the courtroom duing the undercover officer’s testimony: The People concede that the trial court erred in excluding defendant’s family members from some parts of the trial … . Here, the People failed to show specifically that defendant’s […]

December 5, 2019
Workers' Compensation

ABSENT A FINDING OF PERMANENT PARTIAL DISABILITY, CLAIMANT NEED NOT SHOW ATTACHMENT TO THE LABOR MARKET AND IS ENTITLED TO RELY ON HER CHIROPRACTOR’S OPINION SHE IS TEMPORARILY TOTALLY DISABLED (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing the Workers’ Compensation Board, determined claimant was not required to show attachment to the labor market because there had not been a finding of permanent partial disability: Claimant sought review by the Workers’ Compensation Board, contending that she was not required to demonstrate attachment to the labor market because, absent a […]

December 5, 2019
Criminal Law, Evidence

WITHOUT PROOF DEFENDANT USED, ATTEMPTED TO USE, OR THREATENED TO USE THE BOX CUTTER FOUND IN HIS POCKET, THERE WAS NO PROOF THE BOX CUTTER MET THE DEFINITION OF A DANGEROUS INSTRUMENT (FIRST DEPT)

The First Department, reversing defendant’s criminal possession of a weapon conviction, determined the proof that defendant simply possessed a box cutter was not enough: While feeling around defendant’s waist, the officer felt a metal object in defendant’s shorts. Upon further search, the officer saw the butt end of a box cutter sticking out of the fly […]

December 5, 2019
Disciplinary Hearings (Inmates)

PETITIONER-INMATE WAS DEPRIVED OF HIS FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT TO BE PRESENT DURING HIS DISCIPLINARY HEARING; ALTHOUGH PETITIONER WAS ARGUMENTATIVE, REMOVAL FROM THE HEARING WAS NOT WARRANTED; DETERMINATION ANNULLED (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, annulling the disciplinary determination, held that petitioner-inmate was deprived of his right to be present during the hearing. Respondent removed petitioner from the hearing when petitioner became argumentative and asked that respondent recuse himself because of bias against the petitioner: “An inmate has a fundamental right to be present at a Superintendent’s […]

December 5, 2019
Civil Procedure, Medical Malpractice, Negligence

ALTHOUGH DEFENDANT PSYCHIATRIST ALLEGED HE CALLED PLAINTIFF’S DECEDENT TO TELL HER SHE SHOULD SEE ANOTHER PSYCHIATRIST, THE NEXT SCHEDULED APPOINTMENT WITH DEFENDANT WAS NOT CANCELLED; THERE IS A QUESTION OF FACT WHETHER THE CONTINUOUS TREATMENT DOCTRINE APPLIED AND RENDERED THE ACTION TIMELY; DEFENDANT’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN GRANTED (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, over a dissent, determined that the medical malpractice causes of action should not have been dismissed as time-barred. Plaintiff’s decedent had seen the defendant psychiatrist for the first time on November 20, 2014 and the next appointment was set up for December 11, 2014. Defendant alleged he called decedent on […]

December 4, 2019
Evidence, Negligence

DEFENDANT DID NOT DEMONSTRATE IT DID NOT HAVE CONSTRUCTIVE NOTICE OF THE LIQUID ON THE FLOOR WHICH ALLEGEDLY CAUSED PLAINTIFF TO SLIP AND FALL; DEFENDANT’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN GRANTED (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined defendant’s motion for summary judgment in this slip and fall case should not have been granted. Defendant did not demonstrate a lack of constructive notice of the liquid on the floor: … [T]he evidence submitted by the defendant in support of its motion failed to demonstrate, prima facie, […]

December 4, 2019
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