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Bruce Freeman

About Bruce Freeman

This author has not written his bio yet.
But we are proud to say that Bruce Freeman contributed 11678 entries already.

Entries by Bruce Freeman

Criminal Law, Judges

ALTHOUGH DEEMED HARMLESS, IT WAS ERROR TO HAVE THE DEFENDANT SHACKLED DURING A PORTION OF THE TRIAL (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department determined defendant should not have been shackled during the trial, but deemed the error harmless: Defendant … contends that County Court erred in allowing him to be shackled during a portion of the trial. It is well settled that “a defendant has a right to be free of visible restraints during criminal […]

October 28, 2021
Environmental Law, Municipal Law, Utilities

IN APPROVING A WIND TURBINE INSTALLATION THE STATE BOARD ON ELECTRIC GENERATION AND SITING AND THE ENVIRONMENT PROPERLY REFUSED TO CONSIDER LOCAL LAWS ENACTED BY THE TOWN AFTER THE EVIDENTIARY HEARING WAS CLOSED; THE LOCAL LAWS SOUGHT TO IMPOSE A MORATORIUM ON THE PROJECT (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, in a full-fledged opinion by Justice Pritzker, determined the State Board on Electric Generation Siting and the Environment (siting board) had properly approved the Bluestone Wind Farm Project. The siting board properly ignored local laws enacted by the town after the evidentiary hearing was closed which attempted to impose a moratorium on […]

October 28, 2021
Evidence, Medical Malpractice, Negligence

EVIDENCE PLAINTIFF’S DECEDENT’S SISTER CARRIED A GENE WHICH INCREASED THE CHANCE OF DEVELOPING OVARIAN CANCER SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN EXCLUDED FROM THIS MEDICAL MALPRACTICE TRIAL (SECOND DEPT). ​

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court in this medical malpractice action, determined evidence that plaintiff’s decedent’s sister carried a gene which increased the chance of developing ovarian cancer should have been admitted: “Establishing proximate cause in medical malpractice cases requires a plaintiff to present sufficient medical evidence from which a reasonable person might conclude that […]

October 27, 2021
Environmental Law, Land Use, Zoning

ALLOWING THE APPLICANT FOR SITE PLAN APPROVAL TO RETURN WITH A SIGNAGE PROPOSAL AFTER THE PLAN WAS APPROVED DID NOT CONSTITUTE (IMPERMISSIBLE) SEGMENTATION UNDER SEQRA (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department determined the fact the site plan was approved by the planning board without signage did not constitute segmentation under the State Environmental Quality Review Act (SEQRA): The fact that the site plan was approved without signage did not constitute segmentation under SEQRA. Segmentation is defined as the division of the environmental review […]

October 27, 2021
Attorneys, Family Law

FAMILY COURT DID NOT ENSURE FATHER’S WAIVER OF HIS RIGHT TO COUNSEL IN THIS CUSTODY MODIFICATION PROCEEDING WAS KNOWING, INTELLIGENT AND VOLUNTARY; NEW HEARING ORDERD (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, ordering a new modification of custody hearing, determined Family Court did not ensure that father’s waiver of his right to counsel was voluntarily and intelligently made: In order to determine whether a party has validly waived the right to counsel, a court must conduct a “searching inquiry” to ensure that the waiver […]

October 27, 2021
Civil Procedure

RES JUDICATA PRECLUDED CLAIMS WHICH COULD HAVE BEEN RAISED IN A PRIOR PROCEEDING (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined the causes of action for tortious interference with contract and tortious interference with business relations against defendant JAZ were precluded by the doctrine of res judicata: “Under res judicata, or claim preclusion, a valid final judgment bars future actions between the same parties on the same cause of […]

October 27, 2021
Civil Procedure, Foreclosure

THE COURT NEVER ENTERED AN ORDER RE: DEFENDANT’S MOTION TO DISMISS; THEREFORE THE TIME FOR DEFENDANT TO INTERPOSE AN ANSWER IN THIS FORECLOSURE ACTION NEVER STARTED TO RUN (SECOND DEPT).

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined the time for interposing an answer in this foreclosure action never started to run because the court never entered an order deciding defendant’s motion to dismiss: The Supreme Court, however, erred in granting those branches of the plaintiff’s motion which were for leave to enter a default judgment […]

October 27, 2021
Civil Procedure, Corporation Law

PLAINTIFF SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN ALLOWED TO CONFORM THE PLEADINGS TO THE PROOF RE: PIERCING THE CORPORATE VEIL; DEFENDANT WAS PREJUDICED BY THE FAILURE TO PLEAD THE SUPPORTING ALLEGATIONS (SECOND DEPT). ​

The Second Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined plaintiff should not have been allowed to conform the pleadings to the proof re: piercing the corporate veil for two reasons: (1) defendant Chilled was prejudiced by the failure to plead facts supporting the alter ego theory; and (2) the proof at trial did not demonstrate Chilled was […]

October 27, 2021
Battery, Municipal Law

ASSAULT AND BATTERY CAUSES OF ACTION AGAINST THE POLICE DO NOT REQUIRE A SPECIAL DUTY OWED TO PLAINTIFF (FIRST DEPT).

The First Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined the assault and battery causes of action against the city did not require demonstration of a special duty owed plaintiffs by the police: Plaintiff’s … causes of action sounded in assault and battery, and not negligence. Therefore, the question was not whether the police owed plaintiff a special […]

October 26, 2021
Account Stated, Attorneys, Contract Law

ATTORNEY’S FEES RECOVERABLE UNDER AN ACCOUNT-STATED THEORY DESPITE TERMINATION OF THE ATTORNY-CLIENT RELATIONSHIP (FIRST DEPT).

The First Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined plaintiff law firm was entitled to summary judgment on the account-stated causes of action seeking payment of attorney’s fees, despite the termination of the attorney-client relationship: Plaintiff law firm … established entitlement to summary judgment on its claim for an account stated with respect to its June invoices […]

October 26, 2021
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