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Bruce Freeman

About Bruce Freeman

This author has not written his bio yet.
But we are proud to say that Bruce Freeman contributed 11625 entries already.

Entries by Bruce Freeman

Trusts and Estates

Proof Requirements for Constructive Trust.

In this case the Second Department included a clear discussion of the elements of proof necessary to create a constructive trust: “(1) a confidential or fiduciary relationship, (2) a promise, (3) a transfer in reliance thereon, and (4) unjust enrichment…”.  Henning vs Henning, 2011-09955, Index No. 11901/11 Second Dept. 2-20-13  

February 20, 2013
Evidence, Medical Malpractice, Negligence

Expert Opinion Must Be Based On Facts in Record or Personally Known.

“A written report prepared by a nontestifying doctor interpreting the results of a medical test is not admissible into evidence.  …[O]pinion evidence must be based on facts in the record or personally known to the witness …”  D’Andria vs Pesce, 2011-03506, Index No. 16320/02 Second Dept. 2-20-13  

February 20, 2013
Civil Procedure, Negligence

Failure to Plead Res Ipsa Loquitur Does Not Preclude Application of Theory.

“Since the [res ipsa loquitur] doctrine merely permits an inference arising from the evidence in a negligence case, the plaintiff’s failure to plead res ipsa loquitur does not foreclose its application on summary judgment or at trial.”  Wicks vs Leemilt’s Petroleum, Inc., 2011-01891, Index No. 1843/08 Second Dept. 2-20-13  

February 20, 2013
Municipal Law, Negligence

Causes of Action Not in Notice of Claim Dismissed.

The Second Department affirmed the dismissal of a complaint because the complaint asserted theories not mentioned in the notice of claim.  “A party may not add a new theory of liability which was not included in the notice of claim …”.  Williams vs County of Westchester, 2011-10614, Index No. 15002/08 Second Dept. 2-20-13  

February 20, 2013
Municipal Law, Negligence

Late Notice of Claim Disallowed.

The Second Department reversed the trial court’s grant of a petition to file a late notice of claim.  “The petitioner did not demonstrate a reasonable excuse… .  The petitioners’ assertion that they only recently discovered that they had a claim against the City is not an acceptable excuse … .  * * *  The fact […]

February 20, 2013
Employment Law, Labor Law, Municipal Law

labor law prevailing wage requirement does not apply to construction work for a volunteer fire department which is a not-for-profit corporation.

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Pigott, over a dissent, determined that the prevailing wage requirement of Labor Law 220 did not apply to construction work for the Bath Volunteer Fire Department (BVFD) which had procured its own funding for a new firehouse: After an investigation, the Department of Labor (DOL) […]

February 19, 2013
Attorneys, Criminal Law, Evidence

any failure by defense counsel to move to suppress identification testimony did not rise to ineffective assistance.

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Smith, determined that defense counsel’s failure to move to suppress based upon a violation of Criminal Procedure Law 710.30, which requires notice of any identification of the defendant as the perpetrator, did not rise to ineffective assistance. Although the People provided notice of an identification […]

February 19, 2013
Administrative Law, Education-School Law, Employment Law, Municipal Law

residency requirements for school district employees are enforceable.

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Read, determined the requirement that employees of the School District of the City of Niagara Falls reside in the City of Niagara Falls serves a legitimate purpose and is not related to job performance. Therefore, only notice and an opportunity to respond to the allegation […]

February 19, 2013
Criminal Law, Evidence

Breathalyzer Maintenance and Calibration Records are Nontestimonial/Vehicle Stop Based on Presence of College Sticker on Back Window Upheld –Judge Pigott , in a Dissent, Would Have Found the Vehicle Stop Unreasonable and Granted Suppression

The Court of Appeals determined the “records pertaining to the routine inspection, maintenance and calibration of breathalyzer machines can be offered as evidence in a criminal trial without producing the persons who created the records. …[S]uch records are nontestimonial…”  Judge Pigott agreed with that “Confrontation Clause analysis” but wrote a dissent about the nature of […]

February 19, 2013
Defamation

Journalist Deemed “Limited Public Figure.”

A defamation complaint was dismissed because the plaintiff, a journalist, was deemed to be a “limited public figure,” and there was no showing the challenged statements were made with “actual malice or gross irresponsibility.”  The First Department noted that the statement which included the word “liar” was likely to be understood as opinion, not fact.  […]

February 19, 2013
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