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Bruce Freeman

About Bruce Freeman

This author has not written his bio yet.
But we are proud to say that Bruce Freeman contributed 11625 entries already.

Entries by Bruce Freeman

Family Law

Social Services Motion to Be Relieved of Obligation to Make Efforts to Return Child to Father Granted Even Though Neglect Finding Against Mother Only

Family Court granted a motion by social services to be relieved of its obligation to make further reasonable efforts to return the child to the father.  The child was in foster care after a neglect proceeding against the mother.  In holding that the motion was properly brought and granted, even though a finding of neglect […]

April 25, 2013
Disciplinary Hearings (Inmates)

Misbehavior Report Did Not Supply Sufficient Notice of Alleged Offense

In annulling a disciplinary finding, the Third Department held the misbehavior report did not provide sufficient notice of the alleged offense: Petitioner contends that his due process rights were violated because the misbehavior report failed to comply with the particularity requirements of 7 NYCRR 251-3.1 (c). This regulation provides that a misbehavior report must set […]

April 25, 2013
Criminal Law, Evidence

Admission in Evidence of Defendant’s Statements About Prior Murders Did Not Rise to a Constitutional Injury—Harmless Error Doctrine Applied

The Court of Appeals held that the admission at trial of statements made by the defendant indicating he had committed murders other than the murder with which he was charged “did not rise to the level of constitutional injury such as ineffectiveness of counsel or juror partiality.”  Therefore, the harmless error doctrine applied and, in […]

April 25, 2013
Correction Law, Criminal Law, Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA)

SORA Proof Burdens Explained

The Third Department noted the different proof burdens for a SORA classification hearing versus a modification hearing: The People concede that defendant is entitled to a new hearing because Supreme Court treated the 2005 rehearing as one for modification, as opposed to classification (compare Correction Law § 168-n, with Correction Law § 168-o).   As the […]

April 25, 2013
Criminal Law, Evidence

Convictions Based Entirely Upon Confession Reversed; Error to Allow Experiment in Evidence; Proof of Victim’s Helplessness Sufficient

In this sexual-crimes case, the Third Department discussed (among other issues): (1) the application of speedy trial rules when an initial indictment is dismissed and then charges stemming from the same incident are brought more than six months later in a second indictment; (2) the sufficiency of proof of the victim’s helplessness (intoxication); and (3) […]

April 25, 2013
Criminal Law, Evidence

Fact that Defendant Was Seen With a .25 Caliber Handgun Two and a Half Months Before Charged Shooting Allowed In Evidence to Prove “Identity”

The defendant was convicted of shooting the victim with a .25 caliber handgun.  Under Molineux, the prosecution was allowed to present evidence that the defendant, two and a half months before, was seen brandishing a .25 caliber handgun.  The trial court determined this “prior crime” evidence was admissible to prove the identity of the shooter.  […]

April 25, 2013
Criminal Law

Independent Reason for Incarceration Precludes Habeas Corpus Relief

In affirming the dismissal of a habeas corpus petition, the Third Department noted that even where the basis for the petition is valid (here there was no preliminary hearing for a parole violation) habeas relief is not available if there is an independent basis for continued incarceration (here an indictment for the offense underlying the […]

April 25, 2013
Retirement and Social Security Law

Denial of Benefits Affirmed In Spite of Conflicting Medical Evidence

In affirming the denial of (World Trade Center) accidental disability retirement benefits to a police officer, the Third Department explained how to deal with conflicting medical opinion.  Here the officer presented evidence he suffered from post traumatic stress disorder stemming from the World Trade Center attacks, and the state presented evidence he suffered from treatable […]

April 25, 2013
Physician Patient Confidentiality, Privilege

Verdict In Favor of Physician Set Aside in “Breach of Implied Covenant of Trust and Confidence” Case

The Third Department set aside a jury verdict in favor of defendant, plaintiff’s former physician.  The lawsuit alleged a cause of action for “breach of the implied covenant of trust and confidence inherent in the patient-physician relationship” based upon defendant’s breach of “her duty of confidentiality” when she reported the details of a hospital visit […]

April 25, 2013
Municipal Law, Tax Law

Empire Zone Status Can Be Revoked; No Vested or Actionable Right

The petitioner, the owner of a shopping mall, was certified as an empire zone business enterprise in 2002, and was thereby afforded certain tax benefits.  In 2009 the Empire Zone Designation Board revoked petitioner’s certification.  On appeal from an Article 78 proceeding, the Third Department affirmed the lower court’s determination that the respondents were not […]

April 25, 2013
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