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You are here: Home1 / Bruce Freeman
Bruce Freeman

About Bruce Freeman

This author has not written his bio yet.
But we are proud to say that Bruce Freeman contributed 11625 entries already.

Entries by Bruce Freeman

Contract Law, Criminal Law

Criteria for Specific Performance of Plea Agreement Explained

The Fourth Department noted the criteria for a defendant’s right to specific performance of a plea agreement (criteria not met in this case): “ ‘The remedy of specific performance in the context of plea agreements applies where a defendant has been placed in a no-return position in reliance on the plea agreement . . . […]

May 3, 2013
Criminal Law

Robbery Guilty Plea Rendered Insufficient By Statement Weapon Used Was “Fake”

The Fourth Department reversed defendant’s robbery convictions (by guilty pleas) because, in the plea allocution, defendant indicated the weapon involved was “fake.” People v Burroughs, KA 10-00663, 462, 4th Dept, 5-3-13  

May 3, 2013
Criminal Law, Evidence

Post-Arrest Exception to Warrant Requirement for Automobile Search Explained

In upholding a search of a purse inside a vehicle after a traffic stop for a seatbelt violation, the Third Department explained the post-arrest exception to the warrant requirement for an automobile search: Under the automobile exception to the warrant requirement, the police may search an automobile – including containers found inside – when they […]

May 2, 2013
Criminal Law, Evidence

Kicking In Window Satisfies Entry Element of Burglary

In this case, the Third Department determined kicking in a window satisfies the “entry” element of burglary and the recording by the police of a phone conversation between the defendant and his sister, although it may have violated the eavesdropping statute, was not an error preserved for appeal: “[T]he entry element of burglary is satisfied […]

May 2, 2013
Criminal Law

Procedure for Resentencing Under Drug Law Reform Act Not Followed

County Court failed to comply with the statutory procedure for resentencing pursuant to the Drug Law Reform Act of 2004 (Criminal Procedure Law 440.46).  County Court did not issue a written order re: the new sentence, did not issue written findings of fact and reasons for the sentence, and did not inform the defendant of […]

May 2, 2013
Criminal Law, Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA)

Violent Felony Conviction for which Defendant Not Yet Sentenced Can Be Considered in SORA Assessment

The First Department determined a violent felony conviction for which the defendant had not yet been sentenced could be used as a risk factor in a SORA risk level assessment.  People v Franco, 2013 NY Slip Op 03168, 1st Dept, 5-2-13  

May 2, 2013
Criminal Law, Evidence

Post-Arrest Search of Purse Not in Grabbable Area and Not in Vehicle Invalid

The Third Department made a careful analysis of the police actions after receiving an anonymous tip that two women in car were taking drugs.  The court determined the police acted properly in escalating the police intrusion from questioning to arrest, including the search of the car without a warrant.  However, the Third Department held that […]

May 2, 2013
Disciplinary Hearings (Inmates)

Failure to Allow Inmate to Observe Search of Cell Required Annulment​

In annulling a disciplinary determination because petitioner was not allowed to observe the search of his cell, the Third Department wrote: Department of Corrections and  Community Supervision Directive No. 4910 [V] [C] [1] provides, as relevant here, that “[i]f the inmate is removed  from quarters prior to [a] search, he or she shall be  placed […]

May 2, 2013
Civil Procedure, Environmental Law, Zoning

Town Zoning Ordinances Prohibiting Exploration For and Production of Natural Gas (In Response to Concerns Over Hydrofracking) Upheld​

In a full-fledged opinion by Justice Peters, the Third Department held that a town zoning ordinance which banned “all activities which related to the exploration for, and the production or storage of, natural gas and petroleum,” passed in response to concern over “hydrofracking,”  was not preempted by New York’s Oil, Gas and Solution Mining Law […]

May 2, 2013
Animal Law, Negligence

Normal Negligence Theories Apply to Injury Resulting from Animal Wandering Off (Cow Struck By Car)

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Smith, determined that the line of strict liability “knowledge-of-an-animal’s-vicious-propensities” cases did not apply to this case, where a cow was negligently allowed to wander off, causing injury to the plaintiff who struck the cow with her car.  In a case like this, normal negligence theories […]

May 2, 2013
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