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WHEN THE OFFICE OF CHILDREN AND FAMILY SERVICES (OCFS) ASSUMED CUSTODY OF CLAIMANT, IT OWED CLAIMANT A DUTY TO PROTECT HIM AGAINST FORESEEABLE HARM, INCLUDING SEXUAL ASSAULT; THIS CHILD VICTIMS ACT ACTION SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN DISMISSED ON THE GROUND THE STATE DID NOT OWE CLAIMANT A SPECIAL DUTY (THIRD DEPT). ​

The Third Department, reversing the Court of Claims, determined this Child Victims Act action against the Office of Children and Family Services (OCFS) should not have been dismissed on the ground the state did not owe plaintiff a special duty: For the reasons set forth in our recent decision in A.J. v State of New […]

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DEFENDANTS RAISED QUESTIONS OF FACT SUPPORTING A “FRAUD IN THE INDUCEMENT” DEFENSE TO THE ACTION BASED UPON AN EXECUTED PROMISSORY NOTE (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined defendants raised a valid “fraud in the inducement” defense to the action seeking payment on an executed promissory note. Defendants executed the note to purchase protein powder from plaintiffs. Plaintiffs described the powder as having 23 to 25 grams of protein per 33/5 grams of powder. After the […]

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CLAIMANT-INMATE WAS SEXUALLY ASSAULTED IN HER CUBICLE IN A DORMITORY WITHOUT DOORS WHILE THE CORRECTION OFFICER (CO) GUARDING THE DORMITORY WAS ASLEEP; CLAIMANT PRESENTED ADEQUATE PROOF THE ASSAULT WAS FORESEEABLE (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing the Court of Claims, determined claimant-inmate in this negligent supervision action presented sufficient proof the sexual assault by another inmate was foreseeable. Claimant was in a dormitory with cubicles and no doors. A male inmate crawled into claimant’s cubicle when the correction officer (CO) guarding dormitory was asleep: … [T]he question […]

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THE CRITERIA FOR A COURT-OF-APPEALS REVIEW OF AN APPELLATE DIVISION’S WEIGHT-OF-THE-EVIDENCE ANALYSIS IS EXPLAINED; HERE DEFENDANT’S MANSLAUGHTER CONVICTION, BASED ENTIRELY ON CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE, WAS PROPERLY REVIEWED BY THE APPELLATE DIVISION, WHICH AFFIRMED THE CONVICTION (CT APP).

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Halligan, over two concurring opinions and an extensive dissenting opinion by Judge Wilson, determined the Appellate Division properly conducted a weight-of-the-evidence review of an entirely circumstantial manslaughter prosecution (affirming the conviction): Jorge Baque’s five-month-old daughter was found unresponsive in her crib at 6:30 a.m. on […]

DEFENDANT, PRETENDING TO BE SOMEONE ELSE, TOOK DELIVERY OF TIRES AND FALSELY SIGNED THE INVOICE; THE DEFENDANT WAS PROPERLY SENTENCED TO CONSECUTIVE TERMS OF INCARCERATION FOR LARCENY AND FORGERY; THE CRITERIA FOR CONSECUTIVE AND CONCURRENT SENTENCES EXPLAINED (CT APP). ​

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Rivera, determined consecutive sentences were properly imposed for defendant’s larceny and forgery convictions: … [T]he Exxpress Tire Delivery Company received a telephone order from Basil Ford Truck Center by someone identifying themselves as Joe Basil Jr., for next-day delivery. The following day, … the driver […]

BECAUSE CLAIMANT SUFFERED PHYSICAL TRAUMA, TO RECOVER FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL INJURIES SHE NEED ONLY DEMONSTRATE A CONNECTION BTWEEN THE PSYCHOLOGICAL INJURIES AND THE PHYSICAL TRAUMA; CLAIMANT WAS NOT REQUIRED TO PROVE A SEPARATE AND DISTINCT WORKPLACE INJURY CAUSED THE PSYCHOLOGICAL INJURIES (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing the Workers’ Compensation Board, determined the claimant need only demonstrate a connection between the physical trauma she suffered when a dog jumped on her and the psychological injuries which followed. Claimant did not have to prove the psychological injuries were caused by a separate workplace accident. Claimant, a social worker, was […]

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THE FAILURE TO MOVE TO SUPPRESS THE EVIDENCE SEIZED PURSUANT TO A SEARCH WARRANT ON THE GROUND THE POLICE VIOLATED THE “KNOCK AND ANNOUNCE” RULE DOES NOT CONSTITUTE INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL BECAUSE THE ISSUE IS “NOVEL” (CT APP).

The Court of Appeals, in a full-fledged opinion by Judge Troutman, affirming the Appellate Division, over a three-judge concurrence which argued the case should have been disposed of based on the inadequacy of the record and not on the merits, determined the “single error” attributed to defense counsel did not amount to ineffective assistance. Defendant […]

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THE STATE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY REVIEW ACT (SEQRA) DETERMINATION DID NOT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL/HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE AREA WHERE THE APARTMENT COMPLEX WAS TO BE BUILT; DETERMINATION ANNULLED AND REZONING ORDINANCE VACATED (THIRD DEPT).

The Third Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined the “negative declaration” did not adequately take into account the historic/archaeological significance of the site where the apartment complex was to be built, and failed to include a necessary “consulting party.” The State Environmental Quality Review Act (SEQRA) determination was annulled and the rezoning ordinance was vacated: In […]

THE WORKERS’ COMPENSATION BOARD SHOULD NOT HAVE OFFSET THE SLU AWARD FOR CLAIMANT’S ARM INJURY BASED ON A PRIOR SLU AWARD FOR INJURY TO THE SAME ARM; THE TWO INJURIES WERE NOT RELATED (THIRD DEPT)

The Third Department, reversing the Workers’ Compensation Board, determined claimant was entitled to a schedule loss of use (SLU) award for injury to his arm, despite a prior SLU award for injury to the same arm. The injuries involved different pathologies: ​”Pursuant to Matter of Genduso [v New York City Dept. of Educ. (164 AD3d […]

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RETROACTIVE APPLICATION OF THE FORECLOSURE ABUSE PREVENTION ACT (FAPA) WHERE FINAL JUDGMENT HAS NOT BEEN RENDERED DOES NOT VIOLATE PLAINTIFF’S DUE PROCESS RIGHTS; HERE THE DEBT WAS ACCELERATED IN 2008 AND THE CURRENT FORECLOSURE PROCEEDING IS THEREFORE UNTIMELY PURSUANT TO THE FAPA (THIRD DEPT). ​

The Third Department, in a full-fledged opinion by Justice Clark, determined the Foreclosure Abuse Prevention Act (FAPA) applied retroactively to render the foreclosure action untimely because the debt had been accelerated by a prior foreclosure proceeding in 2008. The Third Department determined the retroactive application of the FAPA to foreclosure actions where final judgment has […]

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