PURSUANT TO THE TOWN CODE, THE PLANNING BOARD DID NOT HAVE THE POWER TO INTERPRET A LOCAL ZONING LAW TO APPROVE A DEVELOPMENT PROJECT, MATTER REMITTED (THIRD DEPT).
The Third Department, reversing Supreme Court, over a two-judge dissent, determined the planning board did not have the power to issue a special use permit and site plan approval for a commercial park:
… [T]he jurisdiction of a zoning board of appeals is appellate in nature (see Town Law § 267-a [4]). Nevertheless, a town possesses the authority to enact a local law or ordinance vesting its zoning board of appeals with original jurisdiction (see Town Law § 267-a [4]), including, for example, to address questions of zoning code interpretation … . Here, the Code of the Town of Thompson expressly provides that the ZBA may pass on matters of interpretation as to whether a proposed use is permitted under the zoning code either “[o]n appeal from a[ ] . . . determination made by an administrative official, or on request by an official, board or agency of the Town” (Code of the Town of Thompson § 250-46 [A] …), the latter option being what was requested by petitioners. * * *
… [I]t is evident that a genuine question exists as to whether the project will fall within a permissible or prohibited use, and the Planning Board improperly resolved this issue on its own. “Planning boards are without power to interpret the local zoning law, as that power is vested exclusively in local code enforcement officials and the zoning board of appeals” … . As such, the issue should have been resolved either by the local code enforcement officer, or by the ZBA upon referral from the Planning Board (see Code of the Town of Thompson §§ 250-41 [C], 250-46 [A] … . Matter of Smith v Town of Thompson Planning Bd., 2024 NY Slip Op 06085, Third Dept 12-5-24
Practice Point: Check the Town Law and the local Town Code to determine whether a Planning Board has the power to act. Here the Planning Board did not have the power to interpret a local zoning law and determine, on its own, that the proposed development is a permissible use of the land.