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ALL OF THE PROPERTY OWNERS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED BY THE DECLARATION OF RIGHTS TO A RECREATIONAL EASEMENT ARE NECESSARY PARTIES BUT NOT ALL WERE INCLUDED AS PLAINTIFFS; ALTHOUGH THE JUDGMENT WAS REVERSED, THE ACTION MAY BE RECOMMENCED WITH ALL THE PROPER PARTIES (FOURTH DEPT). ​

The Fourth Department, reversing Supreme Court, determined all the necessary parties were not included in this suit seeking a declaration of the rights of property owners with respect to a recreational easement:

CPLR 1001 (a) provides, in relevant part, that all “[p]ersons who ought to be parties if complete relief is to be accorded between the persons who are parties to the action or who might be inequitably affected by a judgment in the action shall be made plaintiffs or defendants.” It is well established that “[t]he absence of a necessary party may be raised at any stage of the proceedings, by any party or by the court on its own motion” … . In an action seeking to determine the extent of a recreational easement, the owners of all parcels of land burdened or benefitted by the easement are necessary parties because there is a potential that their real property rights will be affected by the outcome of the litigation … . Inasmuch as owners of real property who are not currently named as parties may be affected by the outcome of litigation concerning the subject parcel, we reverse the judgment and dismiss the complaint without prejudice (see CPLR 1003). Plaintiffs are thus “not precluded from recommencing the action in the proper manner naming all necessary parties” … . Follett v Dumond, 2024 NY Slip Op 03272, Fourth Dept 6-4-24

Practice Point: All property owners who may be affected by a declaration of rights to a recreational easement are necessary parties.

 

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