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COUNTY NOT IMMUNE FROM SUIT ALLEGING NEGLIGENT MAINTENANCE OF DRAINAGE SYSTEM; INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR MAY BE LIABLE FOR LAUNCHING AN INSTRUMENT OF HARM; FLOOD DAMAGE RESULTED FROM DREDGING OPERATION.

The Second Department determined the county was not entitled to summary judgment on governmental immunity grounds and an independent contractor for the county was not entitled to summary judgment because of the contractual relationship. Plaintiffs alleged the county and the contractor were negligent in dredging a pond resulting in flood damage. The county could be liable in ordinary negligence for maintenance of the drainage system (as opposed to design) and the subcontractor could be liable for launching an instrument of harm:

Although a governmental entity may be entitled to immunity from liability arising out of claims that it negligently designed a sewerage or storm drainage system … , the immunity does not extend to claims that it negligently maintained the system … . Here, even assuming the subject project fell within the ambit of a governmental function, the plaintiffs contend that the County was negligent, inter alia, in its maintenance of the pond and oversight of the dredging operations. * * *

Generally, an independent contractor owes no tort duty of care to third parties … . However, there are “three situations in which a party who enters into a contract to render services may be said to have assumed a duty of care—and thus be potentially liable in tort—to third persons … where the contracting party, in failing to exercise reasonable care in the performance of his duties, launches a force or instrument of harm … . Nachamie v County of Nassau, 2017 NY Slip Op 00657, 2nd Dept 2-1-17

MUNICIPAL LAW (COUNTY NOT IMMUNE FROM SUIT ALLEGING NEGLIGENT MAINTENANCE OF DRAINAGE SYSTEM, INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR MAY BE LIABLE FOR LAUNCHING AN INSTRUMENT OF HARM, FLOOD DAMAGE RESULTED FROM DREDGING OPERATION)/NEGLIGENCE (COUNTY NOT IMMUNE FROM SUIT ALLEGING NEGLIGENT MAINTENANCE OF DRAINAGE SYSTEM, INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR MAY BE LIABLE FOR LAUNCHING AN INSTRUMENT OF HARM, FLOOD DAMAGE RESULTED FROM DREDGING OPERATION)/IMMUNITY (COUNTY NOT IMMUNE FROM SUIT ALLEGING NEGLIGENT MAINTENANCE OF DRAINAGE SYSTEM, INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR MAY BE LIABLE FOR LAUNCHING AN INSTRUMENT OF HARM, FLOOD DAMAGE RESULTED FROM DREDGING OPERATION)/CONTRACT LAW (INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR MAY BE LIABLE FOR LAUNCHING AN INSTRUMENT OF HARM, FLOOD DAMAGE RESULTED FROM DREDGING OPERATION)

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LACK OF WRITTEN NOTICE OF AN ICY CONDITION PRECLUDED SUIT IN THIS SLIP AND FALL... QUESTION OF FACT WHETHER PLAINTIFF TRIPPED OVER A SIDEWALK DEFECT OR A TREE...