Attorney’s Charging Lien Based Upon a Judgment for Child Support Arrears Was Proper—Relevant Law Explained
The Fourth Department, in the context of plaintiff’s attempt to collect a judgment reflecting child support arrears, determined an attorney’s charging lien was appropriately attached to the proceeds of the sale of defendant’s property. The court rejected the argument that child support payments are exempt from an attorney’s charging lien, at least under the facts of this case. Here the children were already emancipated and the nonpayment was not enforced for 16 years. The Fourth Department explained the law surrounding attorney’s charging liens, and noted the exemptions for proceedings before “a department of labor” and an award of alimony or maintenance:
Under the common law, “the attorney’s lien was a device invented by the courts for the protection of attorneys against the knavery of their clients, by disabling clients from receiving the fruits of recoveries without paying for the valuable services by which the recoveries were obtained’ “… . Judiciary Law § 475 “codifies and extends the common-law charging lien” …, by providing an attorney with “a lien upon his or her client’s cause of action, claim or counterclaim, which attaches to a verdict, report, determination, decision, award, settlement, judgment or final order in his or her client’s favor, and the proceeds thereof in whatever hands they may come” (§ 475 …). The statute is remedial in nature and therefore must “be construed liberally in aid of the object sought by the [L]egislature, which was to furnish security to attorneys by giving them a lien upon the subject of the action” … . “The lien comes into existence, without notice or filing, upon commencement of the action or proceeding,” and “gives the attorney an equitable ownership interest in the client’s cause of action” … .
The only exception contained in the statute is for proceedings before “a department of labor” (Judiciary Law § 475). In addition to that statutory exception, the Court of Appeals has held that, as a matter of public policy, a charging lien may not attach to an award of alimony or maintenance … . Mura v Mura, 2015 NY Slip Op 03639, 4th Dept 5-1-15