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Bruce Freeman

About Bruce Freeman

This author has not written his bio yet.
But we are proud to say that Bruce Freeman contributed 11678 entries already.

Entries by Bruce Freeman

Appeals, Contract Law, Family Law

Consent Order Not Appealable; Open Court Stipulation Valid

The Second Department noted that an order made on consent is not appealable and affirmed Family Court’s determination that a stipulation entered into in open court was valid: Stipulations of settlement are favored by the courts and a stipulation made on the record in open court will not be set aside absent a showing that […]

July 3, 2013
Civil Procedure, Family Law

Factual Question About Whether Family Court Had Jurisdiction Over Visitation Modification Where Supreme Court Originally Ordered Visitation

In remitting the matter to Family Court, the Second Department determined Family Court should have examined the evidence to determine whether it had jurisdiction over a petition to modify visitation where the initial visitation determination was part of a divorce action in Supreme Court: The Family Court erred in declining to sign the order to […]

July 3, 2013
Family Law

Criteria for Allowing Parent Relocation

In affirming Family Court’s allowing a parent’s relocation, the Second Department explained the criteria: A parent seeking to relocate bears the burden of establishing by a preponderance of the evidence that the proposed move would be in the child’s best interests …. In determining whether relocation is appropriate, the court must consider a number of […]

July 3, 2013
Attorneys, Family Law

Family Court committed reversible error by depriving father of his right to self-representation

In determining Family Court committed reversible error by depriving father of his right to self-representation, the Second Department wrote: The father, as a respondent in a proceeding pursuant to Family Court Act article 6, had a right to be represented by counsel (see Family Ct Act § 262[a][iii];…). A party, however, may waive the right […]

July 3, 2013
Evidence, Family Law

Not Enough Evidence Before Family Court to Make Custody Determination

In remitting the matter to Family Court for a hearing in a custody proceeding with controverted allegations, the Second Department noted that, although a hearing is not always required, there was not enough evidence before the court for an informed determination in this case: ” [A]s a general rule, it is error as a matter […]

July 3, 2013
Family Law, Social Services Law

Permanent Neglect Established—Mental Illness

In affirming Family Court’s finding that mother had permanently neglected her child and, because of her mental illness, would not be able to adequately care for the child in the future, the Second Department wrote: …[T]he petitioner established by clear and convincing evidence that it made diligent efforts to encourage and strengthen the parental relationship […]

July 3, 2013
Family Law

Revocation of Suspended Judgment Proper

The Second Department determined Family Court had properly revoked father’s suspended judgment for failure to comply with its terms and conditions: The Family Court may revoke a suspended judgment after a hearing if it finds, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the parent failed to comply with one or more of its conditions…. “When […]

July 3, 2013
Criminal Law, Family Law

Prima Facie Case of Family Offenses Not Established (Forcible Touching and Sexual Abuse)

The Second Department found that Family Court properly determined mother failed to establish a prima facie case of the family offense of forcible touching and sexual abuse and properly ruled hearsay inadmissible: The mother presented no direct evidence that the father touched the child “for the purpose of degrading or abusing” the child or “gratifying […]

July 3, 2013
Family Law

Criteria for Modification of Existing Visitation Arrangement

The Second Department explained the principles relevant to a modification of an existing visitation arrangement as follows: An existing visitation arrangement may be modified “upon [a] showing . . . that there has been a subsequent change of circumstances and modification is required” (Family Ct Act § 652 [a];…). “Extraordinary circumstances are not a prerequisite […]

July 3, 2013
Family Law

Mother Should Not Have Been Required to Contribute to Children’s Educational Expenses

In determining Family Court abused its discretion in ordering mother to contribute to the children’s educational expenses (where father affirmatively stated he was not seeking the contribution), the Second Department explained: “Unlike the obligation to provide support for a child’s basic needs, support for a child’s college education is not mandatory’”…. “Pursuant to Domestic Relations […]

July 3, 2013
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